“Western” is a shortcut for the dominant alliance of imperialist countries: US, UK, most of Western Europe, Canada, Australia, New Zealand. Materially also Israel and Japan, but rarely in rhetoric.
The concept is used both to critique the imperialist countries and to strengthen their alliance, by different people.
Canadian finance capital own a great deal of the worldwide mining operations, if not a majority by now. They extract a great deal of value from poor countries through unequal exchange.
New Zealand is a less prolific exporter of capital, but does it all the same.
The concept is used both to critique the imperialist countries and to strengthen their alliance, by different people.