What do you mean by "a normal operating environment"?
Different versions of Windows came with different versions of PowerShell. Some can be patched to have the newer language features (Windows Management Framework 5.1 can be installed on Windows 7), but that won't bring in all the same cmdlets as Windows 10 has, because there aren't the required internals in Windows 7.
If you have different things installed (Hyper-V, ActiveDirectory, any big Windows role/feature) you'll have different modules available, and if you install things like RSAT (Remote Server Administration Tools) then you'll get server management cmdlets on workstation operating systems.
It's not so much like you download Python 3.6 and get one standard library everywhere, its origins are more in "companies managing their own Windows server estate", so your environment is not standard, it's whatever environment you have.
The standard library, though, is mostly .Net, so depending on your Windows and PS version, it's ".Net Framework 4.5" (or 3.5 or etc.) for .Net framework library features accessed directly from PS.
Different versions of Windows came with different versions of PowerShell. Some can be patched to have the newer language features (Windows Management Framework 5.1 can be installed on Windows 7), but that won't bring in all the same cmdlets as Windows 10 has, because there aren't the required internals in Windows 7.
If you have different things installed (Hyper-V, ActiveDirectory, any big Windows role/feature) you'll have different modules available, and if you install things like RSAT (Remote Server Administration Tools) then you'll get server management cmdlets on workstation operating systems.
It's not so much like you download Python 3.6 and get one standard library everywhere, its origins are more in "companies managing their own Windows server estate", so your environment is not standard, it's whatever environment you have.
The standard library, though, is mostly .Net, so depending on your Windows and PS version, it's ".Net Framework 4.5" (or 3.5 or etc.) for .Net framework library features accessed directly from PS.
https://github.com/powershell/powershell is PowerShell 6 / Core, which is a lot more like downloading Python 3.6 - there is everything a PSv6 environment will have, open source on Github and documentation in https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell-Docs