Easy. Think of Sheldon from Big Bang Theory. He may have a high IQ, but he lacks the ability to be able to connect different ideas and/or come up with solutions which require more than just processing mathematical computations.
What kind of fictional characters should I allow to influence my world view? Those from books written in the 20th century? Shakespeare? The Illiad? Any advice appreciated.
Can you give an example of someone in the real world who has "a high IQ, but lacks the ability to be able to connect different ideas and/or come up with solutions which require more than just processing mathematical computations"? IQ is not a measure of arithmetic processing capability.