Yes, in Europe Chip-and-PIN cards are the norm - the card has an embedded microchip which the reader communicates with electronically. But they still have the magstripe as well, for backwards compatibility.
Yes but I have yet to see an ATM anywhere that uses a chip reader slot, they all pull in the card in the same manner as a magstripe ATM (if they use the chip internally, I do not know).
I'm not terribly knowledgeable in this area, but I thought this was a solved problem being held up by corporate interest in the US.