Actually, no. Obviously I don't know where you're from, but I'd assume it's not the UK.
Most employee rights come into effect immediately. After one month, you earn the right to one weeks notice, and pay if you are suspended from work for medical reasons, or if you're laid off.
After that, the only extra benefits you get are after 1 year, you can claim unfair dismissal. After 2 years, you can claim redundancy pay.
If you are from the UK, here's some help from the Citizens Advice Bureau.
Actually, your own link is contradicting what you're saying! Here's what it says:
"In most cases to be able to claim unfair dismissal you will have to have worked for your employer for one year if you started before 6 April 2012 or two years if you started on or after that date"
Note the bit at the end about the period changing to two years as of last April. This is a new change, if you're not actively involved in HR or hiring you may not be aware of it.
And if an employer pulls a fast one and break the rules on they don't get fined by labor courts as they do in the USA.