Doesn't net income already take into account these sorts of costs? I thought it was after R&D and construction investments and things
Edit: I legitimately don't know (and am a bit confused as to the exact thing the article calls income). I just know as often an R&D expense I think my salary is taken out before net income
Edit: I legitimately don't know (and am a bit confused as to the exact thing the article calls income). I just know as often an R&D expense I think my salary is taken out before net income