It is literally a sample that was collected in space and returned to Earth on Hyabusa 2.
> Sample A0180 is a 1 × 0.8 mm regolith particle collected by the JAXA Hyabusa 2 mission to asteroid 162173 Ryugu. Samples were collected from Ryugu during close passes of the spacecraft by capturing surface particles during two touchdown events, with the second touchdown occurring after the use of kinetic impactors to reveal subsurface materials. Sample A0180 was recovered in the first collection attempt. The particles were transported to Earth in a hermetically sealed chamber that was opened in nitrogen in a class 10,000 clean room at JAXA (Yada et al., 2022). Individual particles were picked with sterilized tools and placed in airtight containers under nitrogen for distribution to participating science teams. Prior to study the Ryugu samples had no exposure to the terrestrial environment and the JAXA contamination control protocols were of the highest standard (Yada et al., 2022).
