>that laws and theories are presented as just something that you need to memorize
That's part of a larger problem in how science is presented. It is presented as something that is true, when it isn't. It is a model that describes reality. The models you are learning in high school and entry undergrad classes are mostly wrong models whose main use is that they are great building blocks to more complex models, as they work well enough in ideal conditions and correlate well enough with our exist. Yet even the best, most up to date models, aren't right. They work well enough in the places they are used that we can bet human lives on them, but that doesn't mean they describe what the universe is actually doing. Unless someone finds a way to crack open up the universe and check the "source code", we will never know exactly what the universe is doing and are limited to only ever improving models that approach the truth, like a sum that converges on a value at infinity but never equals that value for any finite sum of the series.
That's part of a larger problem in how science is presented. It is presented as something that is true, when it isn't. It is a model that describes reality. The models you are learning in high school and entry undergrad classes are mostly wrong models whose main use is that they are great building blocks to more complex models, as they work well enough in ideal conditions and correlate well enough with our exist. Yet even the best, most up to date models, aren't right. They work well enough in the places they are used that we can bet human lives on them, but that doesn't mean they describe what the universe is actually doing. Unless someone finds a way to crack open up the universe and check the "source code", we will never know exactly what the universe is doing and are limited to only ever improving models that approach the truth, like a sum that converges on a value at infinity but never equals that value for any finite sum of the series.