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[flagged] As the Great Salt Lake dries up, it is emitting millions of tons of of CO2 (npr.org)
44 points by rntn 3 months ago | hide | past | favorite | 36 comments



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_carbon_di... United States: 4,595,406.7(1970),4,984,066.7(1990),5,888,498.7(2005), 4,959,631.9(2017),4,853,780.2(2022) Fossil CO2 emissions (ktCO2/year)

Millions of tons is a lot, but when the overall Fossil CO2 emissions are in trillions then it isn't really where we need to focus. I can't see how they're justified in saying it is a significant contributor.

There are probably plenty of reasons aside from CO2 to maintain the lake.


And as oceans heat up, they slow down absorbing CO2, eventually stop and then start releasing the CO2 back. You know, like soda.

The oceans, to date, have absorbed 1/3 of human CO2 emissions.

Climate change is full of tipping points and feedback loops, many of them unmapped and unknown to us.


What is remarkable is the near-complete lack of fear as to what we might be "engineering" with our ever expanding environmental footprint.

On the one hand there is a systemic underappreciation of the impact we have, a behavioral relic from bygone eras when, indeed, homo sapiens was just another species competing.

On the other hand there is overconfidence in our ability to solve technology-induced problems using other technologies. This behavior is in turn a relic of the recent industrial-scientific revolution, when indeed homo sapiens saw dramatic empowerement over the rest of nature.

This entenched denialism and lack of concern means that as environmental deterioration loops into itself and hits from unexpected corners, people's psychology will increasingly resolve the stresses by inventing scape goats etc. in a pointless and innefective blame shifting exercise.

All in all, a once-in-a-species level of challenge that if we manage to survive will have changed human society more than all previous revolutions combined.


> the near-complete lack of fear

I'm terrified of what appears to be coming, but I'm told that this is an anxiety disorder.


This might be an unpopular opinion here but the people that think like you appear to come off as really bad at analysis. You are raising the alarm like the changes are going to happen over night when the models forecast the changes to be gradual over the next 100 years. As just one example, it would be a disaster if sea level rose 60 centimeters ( as it is in the current policies 3 C temp) but it's almost a non issue over 100 years because every piece of infrastructure in the flooded area today will be depreciated multiple times over on that timespan. You also seem to disregard technological progress, which is a stupid thing to do on such a long timeline. You also seem to totally misunderstand cost/benefit analysis/ human thought. You are asking people to give up a lot today for some moderately far future potential thing that may or may not happen. Of course a lot of people are going to look at the trade off and very rationally tell you to pound sand.


> You are raising the alarm like the changes are going to happen over night when the models forecast the changes to be gradual over the next 100 years

You are Exhibit 1 of what our collective sustainability problem is about: setting too short a time horizon and pretending that "rational" short-term optimisation will magically work for the long term.

This pathological thinking that pretends to be rational has an official name in financial circles: "the tragedy of the horizon". Or, more colloquially, sweeping problems under the carpet.

The long timescale of transformation due to exponentially increased human footprints does not make it less dangerous or easily tractable.

Your kind of "rational" people would never stop smoking (giving up a lot) and hence would die prematurely (but alas not immediately) from cancer, awaiting maybe a magical cure that somehow remains elusive.

The problem is that we share the same planet, we cant ask you to "go smoke outside" and your irrationality will take the rest of us with you.

Technology is not a magic wand waved at will. It unfolds along the constraints and possibilities created by natural laws, not to mention the gestation periods and our incremental learning processes.

The time available must be judged against our ability (and will) to respond to the unfolding impact and changes. On current form the human collective is more likely to resort to global wars using increasingly devastating technologies rather than solve difficult global problems cooperatively. So we are not exactly primed for success. The time to start worrying and figuring out sustainable pathways was yesterday.


1. The tragedy of the horizon is some marketing BS made up in 2015 by Mark Carney after his finance buddies figured out how much money there was in forcing production of otherwise uneconomical energy. It is not really a finance term in any long term sense of credible finance ideas. It comes from the political wing of finance associated people. There is no tragedy here, there is rational behavior discounting the far future (because there is so much time for the variables to change and invalidate the forecast or make it irrelevant).

2. It's not pathological it's intelligent and correct thinking on these timescales. There are a massive number of things that could change or be discovered to make current mitigations unnecessary and we aren't in venus style green house gas run off to push average temperature beyond habitable by a large margin, greenhouse gas in the atmosphere has been an order of magnitude higher than now in the past and the climate would be considered unpleasant but livable in that time. Therefore your risks are bounded below cataclysm (at least for thousands of years of current output), your costs are high and your timeline for technological and other progress is long.

3. Your take on smoking is bad analysis. The primary thing we did was put the facts into people's hands as our mitigation. The rest of the mitigations were comparatively minor vs something like a carbon tax and people changed over time quite dramatically. Also, your analysis on cost of treatment is wrong. It's actually way cheaper to treat a smoker because they tend to die quickly years before a nonsmoker, avoiding very expensives years to decades of assisted care and other treatments. There was a decent paper on this several years ago, but since this is just a side note I'm not going to spend a bunch of time trying to find it for you.

4. Yes we do share the same planet, thus game theory is in play and that makes stuff like carbon tax as implemented utterly stupid because it is harming countries that implement it (like my own country of Canada) with no benefit because we aren't meaningfully pushing out the timeline for negative effects without the big emitters curtailing their output. We should instead be setting our carbon tax to the global average and using that to cajole the others into doing the right thing (and raise our carbon tax as they raise theirs) rather than harming ourselves for almost no benefit

5. Of course technology is not a magic wand but on a long enough timescale it usually has a dramatic effect. Also, we have the technology to sort this right now without a large drop in quality of life (nuclear unhampered by bad regulation so that it is much cheaper plus renewables, steel and cement production electrically without co2 emission, better zoning to allow the stock of building to turn over with time to something much better for society and the environment than the current car centric nonsense, etc.) New tech would make this more pleasant but is mostly unnecessary. Our current problem is regulation keeping us from making changes (zoning and nuclear regulation primarily) that make green house gas cuts much less costly to the individual, If we can make it less costly enough we can change the rational analysis causing us to not want to mitigate and increase our desire to mitigate now, again all rationally.


Please, don’t spread misinformation. The problem is already bad enough.

The ocean is far from being saturated in CO2 even at the projected temperature increase. It will not release its content into the atmosphere. That’s not how this particular equilibrium works.

The potential issue we are facing is not a release but the end or more likely a slow down of absorption as currents bringing water from the surface to the depth are distributed. That could lead to surface water becoming effectively saturated.

This would be a big issue because the current strategy to limit overall warming is reaching net zero in 2050 and then letting the ocean socks up some of the excess CO2.

From my point of view, that’s why we should be sceptical of a purely net zero based solution and need to invest heavily in carbon capture, clean abundant energy (we really need fusion more than ever) and seriously study geo-engineering based temporary solutions to grant us the time we need.


> current strategy to limit overall warming is reaching net zero in 2050

It appears to me that the "current strategy" is to increase carbon emissions ad infinitum until we can no longer find hydrocarbon deposits in the Earth or we can no longer harvest them because economic/life systems on Earth have collapsed too much to support civilization. Your idea is certainly smarter, but I haven't seen any evidence that it will actually be implemented.


You may not be aware of the current strategy/goings on then. The amount of renewables being installed right now is mind boggling, it's a huge portion of the newly installed capacity in the last few years. A bunch of work is ongoing to try and get a reactor design that is both cheap enough and able to get through the terrible nuclear beaurocracy to bring that emissions nearly free energy source online in a more meaningful way. Electric cars have also come down in cost to now only be stupid for many of us. This looks to change as better/cheaper battery chemistry comes on line in the next ten years so that may actually be an actuarily sound idea for most of us by the end of the decade. There's also a bunch of advances in air conditioning that look quite interesting (that's a big deal as ac consumes ~10 % of world electricty and that should clime as world temperature climbs). It's broadly pretty positive out there, with many things starting to hit the market, which should slowly phase out the old gear as it wears out, which should have major impact in the coming decades.


I live in Texas, which makes me feel like I am at least a bit aware of the situation. Texas is installing more renewables and grid batteries than any other state I believe but also keeps that rather quiet because of political nonsense. On that note, they also put a rather punitive registration fee on electric vehicles.

On the other hand, Texas is home to the Permian Basin (I actually just went to the Permian Basin Petroleum Museum in Midland, TX a few weeks ago and can heartily recommend it in the area, which you almost certainly never will be). It, along with oil and gas the country over are booming; I believe natural gas is so cheap that it goes negative in price at some times, and energy demand seems only limited by supply. Carbon content in the atmosphere recorded a record increase from last year to this year.

You are not wrong that there are some positive developments, but I would disagree that it is broadly pretty positive; it is possible (likely even?) that it is too late to stop the process that we have set in motion.

My one real hope is that we seriously consider solar radiation management - while it is not exactly a "solution" it does seem like it could buy time to work the problem and allow some of the tech you mention to mature.


> it is possible (likely even?) that it is too late to stop the process that we have set in motion.

While I’m broadly in line with the content of your comment, I wanted to react to this way of phrasing the issue.

We haven’t set something in motion. What’s happening is not a self perpetuating process that we have somehow triggered. Global warming is directly related to the amount of GHG in the atmosphere and the reason it increases is because we keep putting more.

If we stop, the situation will stop getting worse. That’s the heart of net zero and we are very much in the driving seat to make it happens.


"As temperatures rise, carbon dioxide leaks out of the ocean like a glass of root beer going flat on a warm day."

"However, as water temperature increases, its ability dissolve CO2 decreases. Global warming is expected to reduce the ocean’s ability to absorb CO2, leaving more in the atmosphere... which will lead to even higher temperatures."

https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/OceanCarbon


Please, read your own quote: “Global warming is _expected to reduce_ the ocean’s ability to absorb CO2”.

I nicely underlined the important part which confirms what I said in my previous comment to help you.


I would suggest reading the NASA article I linked, as it explains the issue a bit more in detail than a simple HN comment could ever do.


I already had before you posted it. It doesn’t support the idea that the oceans will release carbon in the atmosphere overall.

Note that the effect of emissions on the ocean capture capacity is taken into account in the IPCC modelling work including the work done since the article you link was published in 2008 and none of the IPCC scenarios predict a reversing of the ocean sinking ability, not even the worse SSP considered.

You would be right to point out that using the same argument (IPCC modelling) you could say my scepticism regarding net zero is lacking foundations which would be fair. I would reply to that that I don’t actually believe we will reach net zero in 2050.


This also leads to an decrease of the ocean pH with is a huge problem for the sea ecosystems.

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/acidification.html

Edit: pH decrease, thans nwellinghoff


Decrease in ph. Lower is more acidic.


Oops, thank you.


> According to scientists, 4 million tons of CO2 is roughly equivalent to the total annual emissions of 140 commercial planes.

Stopping fossil fuel use remains far and above the most important thing we need to do.


Except according to American voters, whose top priorities are always jobs, inflation, and crime in varying orders. Climate occasionally cracks the top 10, but probably not this year.


Why pin this on American voters? Doesn't China emit about 2x more CO2 into the atmosphere than the US?


1. Many are not certain how Chinese voters impact CCP environmental policy

2. Look at per capita

3. Moving manufacturing of American goods to China can still be considered American caused emmissions, tho your stats are likely counting it as Chinese

4. The article is about the great salt lake in USA. CO2 as a global problem won't progress when everyone tries to blame everyone else

5. China is improving their efficiency. Look at electric conversion rates & cars' mpg. Americans complain about gas prices while having some of the lowest prices while driving some of the least efficient cars

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Comparison-of-Fuel-Econo...


Because I don't live in China and I have no way to impact Chinese climate policy. Before my government would leverage climate trade policies it'd focus on them domestically.

But beyond that, China is making WAY bigger investments into green tech than the US does. They are world leaders in battery and solar technology and production. Global transition to green energy is largely going to be thanks to Chinese investments.


Because about half of them are delusional and elect leaders who don't believe in science.


I don't agree with your message, but I think you've identified the reasoning exactly.


you forgot gas prices


Why does the dry lake bed emit large amounts of CO2? I couldn’t find that explained in the article.

Edit: For those curious like me, sources 1,2,3 from the original paper go into more detail about it. Original paper: https://www.cell.com/one-earth/fulltext/S2590-3322(24)00326-...


Your linked paper still didn't answer the "why" for me. This one posits a clearer answer: microbial respiration in sediment as it dries out is the leading cause of CO2 flux [1]. If I understand the process, exposed lakebed leaves soil organic matter for microbes to digest and as a byproduct they output CO2.

[1] https://www.ufz.de/export/data/2/265343_Masterarbeit_Lelaina...


Wouldn't the Salton Sea be just as concerning?

[1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salton_Sea


I hope the CIA will try to warn congress and the White House and be more convincing.

Or maybe there are not enough benefits for the US to fight climate change?

The US sees itself as a "force of good" through its influence on the world with its military.

But the US is very bad about CO2, and sometimes I have the feeling that climate change will probably be the reason why the US might lose its superpower status.


> The US sees itself as a "force of good" through its influence on the world with its military.

> But the US is very bad about CO2

You should probably drop the "but". The US seeing itself as a "force of good" doens't make it one.


I thing the wording already implied perception as opposed to reality.


Yes, and then no.

> But is used to connect ideas that contrast. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/but

The way it's phrased puts "sees itself as a force of good" in contrast with "is bad".

"Is bad" doesn't make sense to be in contrast with "sees itself as...". It's more likely that it's "good [through influence/military]" in contrast with "bad [in CO2]".

Alternatively, perhaps it was meant as "(sees itself as) bad [in CO2]" but that's not much of an argument about anything.


> The US sees itself as a "force of good" through its influence on the world with its military

It markets itself this way both to the world (largely unconvincingly) and to its populace (largely convincingly), in order to mask the military industrial complex that funnels tax dollars and new debt dollars to a handful of corporations and their shareholders.


This is entirely true and at the same time the competing wanna-be imperial powers have shown themselves to be even worse.




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