In short, no. I don’t know about their effects on brain connectivity or other imaging characteristics, but the subjective effects are significantly different and the (mental) therapeutic effects come from neuroplasticity being induced, which is independent from NMDA antagonism[0]. This is likely why ketamine (and analogues) stand out as treatments for depression and other conditions.
[0] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-021-01121-1