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How is it continuous wave if it has a non-unity duty cycle?



In practice, the difference between pulsed radar and continuous wave radar is a continuum rather than a dichotomy. Historically, FMCW (frequency modulated continuous wave) had a high duty cycle (though not 100%, the ramp generators need finite time to reset (though you can alternate between up and downramps and get closer)). For some applications, though, requirements force you to short ramps and long PRIs, thus low duty cycles, but the name (FMCW) sticks.




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