The methodologies were discovered after the fact though. The only real scientific method is "if you are a winner you are with us". In fact, plenty of scientific methodologies are NOT tested and probably super bad, like the modern peer review system, or grant writing/proposal/reviews.
Neither of those are methodologies for actual science, but rather publication and funding issues. The methodology most closely related to peer reviews would be idea of reproducibility. There are plenty of peer reviewed things that fail reproducibility.