The recent ANSI/NIST ITL-2011 biometric standard is XML Schema based, but includes a TYPE-98 security record that is nothing but ASN.1. ASN.1 was chosen to meet performance requirements, as XML-based cryptographic messaging was found to be too slow.
The just published DoD EBTS 3.0 standard uses ITL-2011 and is also defined using XSD. But it too looks to an ASN.1 binary representation of its XML markup messages to get the data compression and performance needed for high volume transaction systems and hand held mobile biometric collection devices.
