If I were pursuing this line of inquiry, I'd use a variety of questions to understand biases in both directions on a number of topics.
For instance, when Covid was at maximum political polarization, you had some people partying like it's nothing and other people convinced that the Covid mortality rate was 20%. Both groups may have been swayed by fake news, but with different directionality.
You also need to provide similar sets of facts in different contexts. E.g. news that came from a friend vs a three-letter agency vs podcast vs CNN vs Fox News.
As presented in the article, the study just seems to be a conformity test.
For instance, when Covid was at maximum political polarization, you had some people partying like it's nothing and other people convinced that the Covid mortality rate was 20%. Both groups may have been swayed by fake news, but with different directionality.
You also need to provide similar sets of facts in different contexts. E.g. news that came from a friend vs a three-letter agency vs podcast vs CNN vs Fox News.
As presented in the article, the study just seems to be a conformity test.