That's not a standard English term, I think you mean to say "Noahide". I am guessing you are getting your information from non-English sources.
In contemporary use, "Noahide" primarily refers to a religious movement which is a sort of "Judaism lite", of people who accept Orthodox Judaism's theological beliefs without formally converting to Judaism, and without following the vast majority of Orthodox Judaism's rules and rituals.
But, I think what you are actually referring to, is the concept in Jewish religious law (halacha) of "ger toshav", which is a non-Jew permitted to reside in the land of Israel. Formally speaking, contemporary Noahides by religion do not have the legal status of "ger toshav".
It is true that there are some clear parallels between "ger toshav" and "dhimmi" status. However, at the same time, there is a very fundamental difference – the Jewish laws of "ger toshav" have not been enforced in practice since the destruction of the Jewish Temple in 70 CE. The Rabbis engaged in a lot of development of those laws (as an abstract intellectual exercise, not a practical matter) since 70 CE, and so those laws as they currently exist in Orthodox Judaism have never been enforced in practice, and for all we know their pre-70 precursors were rather different. The State of Israel has never recognised the laws of "ger toshav", and the majority of Orthodox Rabbis believe they are impossible to apply in the current scenario (in which the Jewish Temple no longer exists, etc). Indeed, the majority of Orthodox Rabbis believe that the laws of "ger toshav" are not to be put into practice until the Messiah comes. There is a small minority of Jews who believe they can and should be applied today (such as the followers of Rabbi Meir Kahane), but that minority has never had the political power to put their beliefs into effect.
By contrast, dhimmi status has been a real thing in the Islamic world, not just a theoretical thing, for many centuries. There are a lot of disagreements between different schools of Islamic law (madhabs) on what the exact rules of dhimmi status are, and very often what Islamic scholars have insisted should be done in theory has had little to do with what actually happened in practice. Still, it doesn't really make sense to compare what has been, for the past 2000-odd years, a purely theoretical/hypothetical legal construct, with a legal construct which has actually been implemented in practice (to varying extents and in varying ways) in many societies for more than half of those 2000-odd years.
Yes, exactly - the Jubilee year has not been observed since either 70 CE or 720 BCE [0] so the laws of ger toshav no longer apply. The majority opinion is that the Jubilee (and hence these laws) will not be reinstated until the coming of the Messiah.
That's not a standard English term, I think you mean to say "Noahide". I am guessing you are getting your information from non-English sources.
In contemporary use, "Noahide" primarily refers to a religious movement which is a sort of "Judaism lite", of people who accept Orthodox Judaism's theological beliefs without formally converting to Judaism, and without following the vast majority of Orthodox Judaism's rules and rituals.
But, I think what you are actually referring to, is the concept in Jewish religious law (halacha) of "ger toshav", which is a non-Jew permitted to reside in the land of Israel. Formally speaking, contemporary Noahides by religion do not have the legal status of "ger toshav".
It is true that there are some clear parallels between "ger toshav" and "dhimmi" status. However, at the same time, there is a very fundamental difference – the Jewish laws of "ger toshav" have not been enforced in practice since the destruction of the Jewish Temple in 70 CE. The Rabbis engaged in a lot of development of those laws (as an abstract intellectual exercise, not a practical matter) since 70 CE, and so those laws as they currently exist in Orthodox Judaism have never been enforced in practice, and for all we know their pre-70 precursors were rather different. The State of Israel has never recognised the laws of "ger toshav", and the majority of Orthodox Rabbis believe they are impossible to apply in the current scenario (in which the Jewish Temple no longer exists, etc). Indeed, the majority of Orthodox Rabbis believe that the laws of "ger toshav" are not to be put into practice until the Messiah comes. There is a small minority of Jews who believe they can and should be applied today (such as the followers of Rabbi Meir Kahane), but that minority has never had the political power to put their beliefs into effect.
By contrast, dhimmi status has been a real thing in the Islamic world, not just a theoretical thing, for many centuries. There are a lot of disagreements between different schools of Islamic law (madhabs) on what the exact rules of dhimmi status are, and very often what Islamic scholars have insisted should be done in theory has had little to do with what actually happened in practice. Still, it doesn't really make sense to compare what has been, for the past 2000-odd years, a purely theoretical/hypothetical legal construct, with a legal construct which has actually been implemented in practice (to varying extents and in varying ways) in many societies for more than half of those 2000-odd years.