In 1981, I received a computer as a birthday gift at the young age of 13. Likely the first micro-computer in my small California town. When I took it to my Junior High science fair people were like stunned by a kid with a computer.
When you turned on the computer, all you got was a flashing cursor wait for you to program in BASIC.
The next year, a successful local business person asked me, if I thought in the future most people would have computers. I said yes.
They replied they didn’t think that would ever happen. And they didn’t see, the need for it in their business, even after seeing VisiCalc.
In less than 5 years, they had computers in thier business for Lotus123. And not long after, they had computers in their home.
I have seen this pattern repeat many times. I have also seen many branches of computer tech die (amiga, os/2, palm….)
But from my point of view “figure out what it’s for” is the ultimate computer hackers playground.
And perhaps Vision Pro will be the first headset “worth criticizing” regardless of its success.
This is all true but it can be a little bit of survivor ship bias at play. Look at all the technology conferences over the last 40 years and for the most part you will see a grave yard of tens of thousand of ideas that looks promising but ended up going nowhere - sometimes simply due to being out maneuvered business wise.
Bill Gates once said that in some ways Microsoft was lucky to be as succesful as they where, that they had compititors that had better products but to Microsofts luck, could never get a foothold in the market.
Maybe Apple Vision is the future but it could also just end up as another path not taken on the trash heap of history. Time will tell.
I am not sure why you are focusing on "survivor bias". My comment was about being a programmer and the fun of seeing a new technology that is an undefined territory to explore.
But I did directly mention that many of these do not workout as as I referenced: amiga, os/2, palm, and VisiCalc and Lotus 123
However, so that you may have some idea of my personal "survivor bias", here is a super simplified multi-dimension history of my over 43 years of computing smashed into a linear list with massive things forgotten:
TRS-80 Model III, LDOS, BASIC, VisiCalc,
modem-to-modem
TRS-80 Model 100
CompuServe
MS-DOS compatible, MultiPlan, TurboPascal, dBase
Windows 3.0
DesqView
Delphi Online
OS/2, REXX
Macintosh System 7 --> 1993 to OS X
Dial-up ISP
Solaris, Perl
BBEdit
Windows 95
Palm Pilot
Linux for Servers --> 1998 to Today
Linux Desktop
ColdFusion
Apache
Python --> 1999 to Today
Always on Internet (ISDN, DSL, Cable) --> 2004 to Today
Nokia cellphones
PHP
Zope/Plone
Mac OS X --> BETA to Today
Windows XP
Nginx
iPhone --> 2009 to Today
SublimeText
Windows 10 --> 2018 to Today
VS Code --> 2018 to Today
NodeJS --> 2018 to Today
SvelteKit --> 2021 to Today
KDE Neon --> 2022 to Today (the year of Desktop Linux arrived for me)
The longest thread is from 1993 to Today is what is now known as macOS, but for about the first 15 years of my usage Apple was considered at risk of failure. MS Windows was always a part of my world, but seldom my primary focus, it has only been since 2018 that I use it on an extended daily basis. Some of the above are clearly dead. Some I still use lightly (Nginx, BBEdit) but are no longer the focal point of my work.
As far as Apple's Vision Pro, I have no clue if it will be successful. For myself personally, it is the first headset I am even interested in playing with.
I have had one or more Macs since 1993, I went years without a Windows system. (Servers have been consistently Linux with some Unix and Macs early on).
I probably spent less than a day total with Windows for Work Groups, NT, 98,ME,Vista,7,8,11, etc
Much of my Windows 3 usage was under OS/2 Warp
The above list really about my personal major themes. I already can see major omissions, but Windows is not one.
>This is all true but it can be a little bit of survivor ship bias at play. Look at all the technology conferences over the last 40 years and for the most part you will see a grave yard of tens of thousand of ideas that looks promising but ended up going nowhere
Survivor bias is real, but the interesting failures (in comparison to VR) are things like 3D TV.
3D TV has a very weak effect, the 3D effect is basically dismissed after a while, after you get immersed in the actual content. A bit like watching a (good) silent movie, at first it's jarring, but after an hour you don't notice it anymore.
On the other hand, because VR is so immersive, the effects on the brain are quantifiable, it is fundamentally different than all other forms of media. You can permanently change your brain with VR in ways that are literally impossible with letterbox media. It can change your brain, in a way that no technology has ever been able to before ('Strategic modification of Bayesian priors' if you're into the science).
That kind of thing is why VR is a guaranteed success, it's not just about the fact that movies and entertainment and games will get to a new level, but the psychological possibilities for actually modifying the self with VR are going to ensure we all have headsets in a decade.
VR is immersive to a degree that it tricks your brain completely. It can activate powerful biological mechanisms that cannot be done in other digital/scaleable ways. For example, there's a company in Spain called Virtual Bodyworks, founded by the VR researcher Mel Slater, which can affect your implicit bias with body swaps performed in VR. This is genuine selective neural net-surgery, done in a way that cannot be replicated outside of VR.
The company I work at has a smoking-cessation VR app, takes 5 minutes for some people to go from decades of unbroken addiction/40 smokes a day/first smoke within 5 minutes of waking, to not even being able to think about smoking. There is no way to do what we do with a phone app or even a 3DTV, it requires VR.
That kind of software is going to be the reason VR will take off, it's capable of changing the mind in ways we can't imagine at the moment.
Not to mention that spatial computing is the 'final form' of human machine interaction, plenty of research on that.
> The company I work at has a smoking-cessation VR app, takes 5 minutes for some people to go from decades of unbroken addiction/40 smokes a day/first smoke within 5 minutes of waking, to not even being able to think about smoking. There is no way to do what we do with a phone app or even a 3DTV, it requires VR.
Five minutes to quit smoking? There is one app that claims to be clinicly proven and even they only claim 33% of users actually quit after completing the program.
'only 33%' is not so bad, that's basically a market-leading rate. 10 weeks of CBT is the established benchmark for 'proven' tobacco cessation, and has a 2 year 33% success rate (IIRC).
Most of the tobacco cessation products top out at 33% for some reason, but combining them gives higher success rates.
What app are you referring to btw? Very interested in this area at the moment.
You may be right about what you're describing, but this sounds incomparably more like bullshit than any chance of being right.
I've played with VR, and it's really not that immersive - no more than any other good media.
In particular, VR is definitely not as immersive as actual reality, so anything that could be done in VR to convince someone of non-fantastical things can also be done (at a higher expense, for sure) with actors and props. So, your claim about 5 minutes to quit smoking has no reasonable chance of being true from where I'm sitting.
>n particular, VR is definitely not as immersive as actual reality, so anything that could be done in VR to convince someone of non-fantastical things can also be done (at a higher expense, for sure) with actors and props. So, your claim about 5 minutes to quit smoking has no reasonable chance of being true from where I'm sitting.
Well yeah, it can be done in real life, it's just much more brutal.
A fourteen-year-old boy was said by his parents to have started smoking at the age of seven, and to be spending every penny of his pocket money on cigarettes. He had at one time regularly smoked 40 cigarettes per day, but was now averaging about half that number because his pocket money had been reduced. He said he wanted to give up smoking because he had a smoker’s cough, was breathless on exertion, and because it was costing so much money. Physical examination and chest X-ray were normal.
Treatment was given in the outpatient department. On the first occasion he was given an injection of apomorphine l/20 g, and after seven minutes he was told to start smoking. At eleven minutes he became nauseated and vomited copiously. Four days later he came for the second treatment, and said that he still had the craving for cigarettes, but had not in fact smoked since the previous session because he felt nauseated when he tried to light one. He was given an injection of apomorphine l/20g, and after seven minutes he lit a cigarette reluctantly, and immediately said he felt ill. He was encouraged to continue smoking, and he collapsed. He was given oxygen and an injection of Coramine. When he recovered he was very hungry and asked for food, which he ate voraciously. Four days later he was given apomorphine l/40 g. and vomited as soon as he attempted to light a cigarette seven minutes later.
When he next attended he said he no longer had any craving for cigarettes, and he made two interesting comments: “When f see an advert on T.V. for cigarettes,
it seems like a dead advert. ” “Just smoke from my father’s cigarette makes me feel ill”
Two months later he left school and started working. He said he had “got a bit down” at work and wanted to “keep in with the others”, so he had accepted a proffered cigarette. He immediately felt faint and hot, and was unable to smoke. It is now a year since his treatment, and his parents confirm that he no longer smokes.
The only reason this experiment seems to have worked is because it was brutal. So not sure what the relevance is. I imagine you could induce serious vertigo through VR in someone, and associate it with smoking in the same way, but that's still brutal and a form of aversion therapy, which brings serious ethical concerns from my point of view (particularly if applied to a child).
I don’t know, I think you are a bit overhyping the effects, but anyway — this is very creepy. Even if the effect stops at being able to manipulate people on a short-term (e.g. in-“game” transactions, etc) basis more effectively than the already criminal (morally) existing manipulations.
Also, I tried looking into the Strategic modification.. paper? but didn’t find it.
I think I'm being pretty mild on the effects :) But maybe that's the enthusiasm of working in the field.
And yes, it's creepy for sure. There is a theory that every generation witnesses a key technological development and is 'lost' to that development, and the generation that grows up with that technology is immune to it. I imagine VR is going to be a technology like that, there will be people 'lost to it' in the same way that people were lost to TV or to smartphones today ( ref: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Olt-ZtV_CE ). Ethically VR is going to be a minefield.
The company I work at has a smoking-cessation VR app, takes 5 minutes for some people to go from decades of unbroken addiction/40 smokes a day/first smoke within 5 minutes of waking, to not even being able to think about smoking.
Emphasis mine.
This is a meaningless statement.
I argue the only valid statistic is x% remain non-smokers at y years, something comparable to other methods.
And even if your company’s method does turn out to be statistically significant, that doesn’t necessitate everyone owning the device, only the clinic needs to.
I mean, super early days and they're talking their book, but this is definitely a massive use case for VR.
I thought about this a while back, you could definitely do aversion therapy treatments potentially more effectively with a VR setup.
> that doesn’t necessitate everyone owning the device, only the clinic needs to.
If this approach works, then it will be super widely adopted as it costs insane amounts of money to drive behaviour changes right now, and lots of health services would be interested.
>I argue the only valid statistic is x% remain non-smokers at y years, something comparable to other methods.
Absolutely agree, but our problem is time, we did our first patient around 8 months ago, so we're just limited by that timeline.
So far so good though, followup shows classic Aversion reactions, the people that were affected still have a very strong reaction to the taste and smell.
> On the other hand, because VR is so immersive... tricks your brain completely
I find there is a similar acclimitisation effect to 3DTVs. Do a repetitive task in VR and it doesn't take long for VR to not matter. If you use VR everyday the wow disappears and desktop gaming can be a refreshing change. Only after a decent refractory period might you put on a headset and get some sense of magic again.
> takes 5 minutes ... no way to do what we do with a phone app or even a 3DTV, it requires VR.
Oh, you are snakeoil salesman. I regret responding.
I think the key is that this is not a VR device but an AR one. The illusion is harder to maintain in AR but if you manage it is way more tricky. The difference between VR and AR is undervalued in the discussion. imho, the ability to do a credible AR (due to superior computational power and the abundance of sensors) _could_ be the key for Vision success
Except it's not really--in the sense of an out-in-the-world-walking-around HUD. And certainly the keynote emphasized in-home entertainment and (I think?) gaming. It's got elements of AR to it but it seems much more like VR+. (And Apple was almost certainly smart to just coin their own term.)
you do mention a couple things I hadn't considered or heard of before.
> The company I work at has a smoking-cessation VR app
This sounds very intriguing! Could you possibly provide some references and/or the name of your company? (I don't smoke but I'd love to understand better how this works.)
More generally, how do you stay on top of what's happening in VR tech & applications? I'm asking because I've clearly been missing out on some significant developments.
I'll take that bet. I'm a kind of tech-cynic, have a Nokia 8110, ten year old thinkpad and listen to minidiscs. But in January I'll fly to the states and buy a Vision pro day 1. The last time I was this excited about a technological innovation was with OS X. My brother was a CS guy and he recommended I buy an iBook when I started university because he thought OX was going to be a game changer. And in the beginning it was weird to have the only Apple in a lecture hall with 300 Dells. But 10.1, 10.2, 10.3... It felt like being on the cutting edge.
That's what the Vision Pro looks like to me. The Powerbook 12" all over again, future-tech.
>Could you possibly provide some references and/or the name of your company? (I don't smoke but I'd love to understand better how this works.)
It's really simple as hell, there's an effect called the 'Garcia' effect, whereby if you feel sick ≈6 hours after eating or drinking a novel taste, you get a lifelong aversion to that taste of smell. It's highly conserved, found in every animal studied with the sole exception of vampire bats (they only have one dietary option).
And this was used in tobacco cessation in the 60's. There's a lovely case study where a 14 year old boy is given apomorphine three times while smoking, he vomits so copiously he passes out at one point, but literally can't smoke afterwards.
It fell out of favour because injecting people with opiates to induce uncontrollable bouts of vomiting wasn't a popular way to treat smoking.
We just do with a simple VR spinning room, you take as long a break from smoking as you can comfortably manage, light up and then do our 'aversion' session for 5 minutes, or as long as you can manage.
From that, we see around 20% of people that are unaffected (the efficacy is dependent on a factor that varies ≈10000:1 across a normal population).
For most people, you get some effect, and for around a third you get an instant reaction where even 2-3 5 minute sessions mean they just can't smoke. They can cave to cravings and light up... and then just have to throw the cigarette away in disgust.
>More generally, how do you stay on top of what's happening in VR tech & applications? I'm asking because I've clearly been missing out on some significant developments.
Very difficult, so much happening in various silos. Jaan Aru and Mel Slater are probably the two researchers I try to follow as much as possible, but this is a prescience at the moment, so even finding common terminology is a challenge.
This is fascinating, thanks for elaborating! Do you think a similar therapy would work in the case of alcohol addiction? I.e. drink a glass of some high-proof spirit, put on the VR glasses with the app, profit(?)
yes basically, in fact when we talk to people about this, around 50% of people have had some experience of this in their life (with me it was Kiwi fruit after a long car ride, I associated them with the nausea and couldn't eat kiwis for around 20 years).
Of that 50%, around a half or so have a history of this with some kind of alcohol. I have one friend who will almost puke if he smells whiskey, because of one terrible night in Norrköping with a bottle of Paddy's.
>Will it also cause aversion to headsets and to VR? :)
Unlikely, the Garcia effect is tightly coupled to taste/smell. Could inadvertently give a lifetime aversion to any food/drink though, especially if it's a new taste.
> Bill Gates once said that in some ways Microsoft was lucky to be as succesful as they where, that they had competitors that had better products but to Microsofts luck, could never get a foothold in the market.
Bill Gates famously engineered his own luck by opposing a free market.
There were any number of better operating systems at the time than DOS, especially in the 1.0 timeframe. CP/M was arguably at least on par. Any number of 16-bit minicomputer operating systems. Probably a bit early for Unix realistically.
Compared to Unix and especially modern operating systems DOS is more comparable to firmware than OS, it was something ultra minimal which basically got out of the way of developers. And being so minimal it allowed IBM PCs to sell for prices below $10,000 (1980s! dollars). This was they key to the success of Microsoft and the IBM PC.
You might have created a ‘better’ OS at the time, but no one cared about your fancy slow OS which used all the memory cost a fortune in hardware.
perhaps my tendency to expression is overly ironical and indirect at the cost of clarity and obviousness, but I meant it seemed biased that Gates described the reason why MS won out over superior tech was due to 'luck'
Clearly Microsoft did lots of things right (and wrong) over the years. And one of them was creating DOS in the first place. But IBM could have presumably gone in a different direction for the IBM PC fairly easily. And had they done so, it's reasonable to speculate you might never have heard of Microsoft.
It is biased as it is coming from the winners. But it does say something that Gates was willing to admit that it was because of some glorious amazing product that they were successful.
A big part of it was also Gates ruthless business practices.
My father in law was in the construction business during this time at a company building bridge spans. A supplier gave them 5 Apple IIs as a bonus for buying so much product. The owner exclaimed, throw them out computers are a fad!
To calculate the bridge spans requirements it took 3 guys a 3-5 days to do the calculations, drafting the spans, and double checking everything. My father in law opened the book on basic and saw the math it could do.
He wrote a very basic program to take the inputs and do the math. It took the computer less than an hour to return the results.
Who knows that the future brings but I’ll be optimistic.
You could argue the computer was an extension of those human done reports. The iPhone moving the business reports from desk to be mobile as you go. VR on the other hand is entirely new paradigm. However VR will find its way into a lot of “pro” industries. VR interior design, VR architecture, VR manufacturing line design. There’s tons of usecases.
I think the transitions from punch cards to CLIs, to GUI/mouse interfaces, then to touch interfaces, are more apt metaphors when considering the impact of VR.
Touch found it's place as the interface for small-form devices. I'm pretty sure VR is the interface for gaming (with other niche applications). It will be wildly popular, probably a headset in every house within 20 years, I just suspect it will be doing what we already expect - gaming, visualizing chemical reactions, architecture, etc... things we already do in 2d, made just a bit more convenient in 3d with spatial controllers.
My first internship was at a biology research startup back in ‘96.
My supervisor, the head of R&D, had an SGI w/ 3d goggles and a glove and would spend hours in front of it manipulating virtual molecules. He would talk about his days as a PhD student at Stanford in the early 70s working with punch cards and the progress of computing up until that time just over 20 years later… and thought that maybe in 10 years, when his rig that cost about $100k would be cheap enough for the average consumer, it would be the next step in personal computing.
what about the idea that the headset is just a crutch. It seems the UIs shown eye and hand tracking are only tied to the goggles as demonstration to get the tools in developers hands.
My first computer (bought my parents) in 1986 was an enhanced 128K Apple //e with Duo disk drives and green screen monitor and a dot matrix printer. It was about $3K in all in 1986 dollars.
My second computer I got for a graduation gift was a Mac LCII with 10MB RAM with a 512x384 12 inch monitor a LaserWriter LS printer, an Apple //e daughter card, a 5-1/4 inch drive for the card and a copy of SoftPC. It was $4000 - in 1992.
People use to spend a lot more on computers back in the day.
Both of my computers were hackers playgrounds for me.
Your computers were tools for building... anything, and the manufacturers (especially Apple back then) actually educated, promoted and rewarded amazing things. This is a consumer device tightly coupled to the most restrictive ecosystem we've ever seen. Doesn't seem like a hackers' playground.
You know, open-mindedness and being curious about new things is part of the hacker ethos. If you are dismissing something without even experiencing it, based on nothing other than preconceived notions about it, maybe you aren’t really a hacker in the true sense of the word? Just a thought.
I paid $10 a month to distribute my little freeware on AOL in college so normal people could access it. I also submitted it to info-Mac archive via ftp.
I would have gladly paid $99 a year for the bragging rights of putting my app on the iOS App Store so anyone could get it.
I paid for a 65C02 compiler back in mid 80s using my allowance and paid for a Mac C compiler in the early 90s.
My parents were solidly middle class - a factory worker and a teacher.
The point isn't paying to publish apps, the point is that you can't hack into it if this is anything like iOS.
If this runs a version of iOS, we can't access the code that is running in it, we can't open a terminal, we can't use our programing language of choice. We can't use the actual device for building anything hacker related by itself.
We can make apps for it using an actual PC made for building, but only if it runs MacOS, ans using their proprietary language. The actual device is far from a hackers dream or plaything if its as locked up as the iPhone. But very cool device though, hopefully it brings VR into Mainstram outside of gaming
You can definitely hack iOS all you want to, use private APIs, do all sorts of things that are against the App Store rules, run it on your own device and publish the code to GitHub to let other hackers compile it and run it from source.
iPhone enthusiasts Stephen Hackett (his real name), hack into pre-release versions of iOS all of the time to see how it’s running from their computer.
Even that 1986 6th grade hacker that I was would never want to program on the phone. I fail to see the fascination with running a fully fledged IDE on a phone.
When I was programming on the very open Windows CE devices pre-iPhone, I avoided running on the phone as long as possible and used the emulator.
You can use any programming language you want that compiles down to ARM.
Do tell me how I can run my own home screen, directly access the filesystem, write my own device driver or tweak the kernel without voiding my warranty and risking bricking my phone using a jailbreak exploit, assuming one is available for my device.
This "you can build and directly deploy an app to a limited number of devices if you're on the developer program and have a mac, therefore you can 'hack iOS all you want'" meme is borderline dishonest.
Also, the fact that you "fail to see the fascination" is of little significance to those who do want to develop on-device. You don't get to make "you can hack iOS all you want" work by restricting what people are allowed to want.
Piss off, I'll do my tinkering on a platform that isn't continually trying to prevent me from doing it, thank you very much. I'll use my expensive pocket bauble as the limited device it is designed to be. Just don't try and gaslight me into thinking it's in any sense a general purpose computer.
You do you. The rest of us do our tinkering however we choose based upon our own situation, as well. Some people only own the "expensive pocket bauble" (you know, economics are a thing) and they're still out there hacking on it rather than whining about the walled garden. We all know that there are other ecosystems that are more modification-friendly. We don't need to hear your over-qualified internet rant. hence the "nut up" comment. "void my warranty" sheesh. What point are you trying to make?
There are plenty of kids out there tinkering and hacking in the truest sense on iOS and macOS using one of their relative's dev accounts.
For one thing, it isn't. I can do linux kernel dev on my desktop and laptop without voiding my warranty or risking bricking anything.
And most of the things I'd want to do with an iOS device that I'm prevented from doing wouldn't involve any kernel-level work anyway.
But more importantly that's the most pathetic justification I've ever heard. By that logic, since playing the piano is difficult we might as well sell pianos with all the keys glued together.
The truth of it is that Apple products are not designed for tinkering and they actively resist attempts to do it. To spend my time plumbing their internals to add value to a product that treats me an my kind as a sort of infection would be a pure waste. I'll do my hacking on Linux and use my iPhone for arguing with people on hackernews, it's fine.
The argument is not that you'd run your IDE on the AR device (although there's people who will want to do that).
The point is that you can hack the device to run your software, or distribute your software so that it's easy for others to use it as well, but not both.
>I was would never want to program on the phone. I fail to see the fascination with running a fully fledged IDE on a phone.
Problem is, Apple isn't advertising this as a phone or "mobile device". They're advertising it as a spatial computer. And IDEs are probably my second-most-used computer applications after web browsers, so I want to be able to use them with the near-endless monitor space offered by this spatial computer.
It's true that it's a walled garden. But with everything the device has access to, cameras pointed at your pupils, cameras pointed at your surroundings, precise tracking of where you look (which the OS prevents apps from accessing), I'm not sure I want apps to have full permission to the hardware. The more "intimate" devices become, the less you can trust random apps. They still let you run whatever you want on your own device as a dev, which seems like a good compromise. But I'd never trust other people's apps with access to all that.
Disagree. HoloLens and oculus went with internal SDKs too complicated for most devs, and had official docs recommending Unity and unreal for development. This seemed stupid as those environments were not purpose built for this class of device (mixed reality). I think Apple has shown some serious wisdom here and am excited to explore their frameworks.
Price still has to go down to be mass adopted. Apple sell just ~25 million mac per year and probably most of them are just cheaper macbook air with price below $1.5. Even though their current macbooks are great and people see the value of having a laptop, it's a mature market but Apple still has only like 10% market share.
People wallet and their salary is not out of rubber - there is limit how much they can stretch their budget.
The tech will be back-engineered once the first VisionPro is out. It took Android smartphones a few years too before they were competent with Apple. Today, the best Androids are almost as good, if not better.
There will be multiple VisionPro competitors within half a decade and they’ll all compete on price and focus on mass adoption - just as it happens with phones and laptops.
I feel much the same way about having been given my own computer with internet when I was about the same age in the late 90s.
Following developments in VR/AR for a while, I've felt like we've been in a "business computers before spreadsheets", "home computers before the internet", "mp3 players before the iPod", "PDAs before the iPhone" sort of period, wondering if we'd see a sea change platform emerge. I generally have a low tolerance for hype, but I'm excited about the potential here. Can't wait to experiment with developing software for it!
Perhaps it is not the next iPhone but the next Mac. It is a better at home or at work general computing device. I am a cynic and I see it as the next iPad.
I feel the computer revolution was seen by many. The Vision Pro won't be nearly as explosive, if at all. It's essentially an interface for personal electronic space, and that space is being explored by hackers every where with all kinds of devices. So 'figure out what its for' is being explored by many, and doesn't have to be exclusive to Apple devices.
Like 5 years ago I worked at a digital agency that received a bunch of devices from different manufacturers. AR, VR, spatial audio, directional audio, holographic displays and were given a sort of blank check to make some cool experiences. We never really got past the novelty factor. Obviously there may be some cleverer folk in the world than we had at the time, but I came away thinking these would never really get mainstream acceptance for anything besides gaming. I also came away realizing that mouse and keyboard are really just amazingly efficient and 2d screens are perfectly fine.
I saw Personal Computer, PDA / SmartPhone and Tablet and I never doubted their success as a product category.
But Vision Pro, or AR / MR is the first one I am joining that camp. I am sure It will do well in many areas, I just dont see it carry the same weight as PC, or Smartphone.
