Yeah exactly, nowadays (especially in the US)... it's not easy to tell what caste a person is from.
If someone doesn't want to share their caste, that's very easy to do.
Hence... discrimination amongst indians is usually around where in india you're from, what language do you speak (tamil, hindi, marathi, etc.), what tier college you went to (IIT?), obviously gender, and other factors.
Comparing Caste to race is completely wrong and it's a red herring.
Having every indian fill out what caste they are on their job application doesn't solve the problem.
While the factors you mention are relevant, caste ranks higher than those, maybe lower than religion. Its pretty easy to tell someone's caste just from their last name (at least for North Indian Hindus). I have an uncommon last name that makes hard for most people to tell my caste but it also means lots of people have come up to me talking shit about our other low caste co-workers, assuming I'm high caste (I'm not). This phenomenon seems to exist purely with immigrant South Asians and disappears completely after first generation.
If someone doesn't want to share their caste, that's very easy to do.
Hence... discrimination amongst indians is usually around where in india you're from, what language do you speak (tamil, hindi, marathi, etc.), what tier college you went to (IIT?), obviously gender, and other factors.
Comparing Caste to race is completely wrong and it's a red herring.
Having every indian fill out what caste they are on their job application doesn't solve the problem.