This is interesting, because I definitely encountered beaches, that were private, but it has been before 2018, until a transition period changed, so maybe that changed?
And otherwise I found spanish land (around Huelva) to be strictly divided by barbed wire fences with no clear way of knowing whether I entered private property or not, by following public (dirt) roads, when hiking.
Well, I was referring to fences on the beach. But like I said, it has been before 2018 at which time apparently a transition period ended, so maybe (and hopefully) they are not there anymore?
Not so nice for wildlife as well.