I was just looking at Microsoft's git VFS (https://github.com/microsoft/VFSForGit), which is deprecated and now points to Scalar (https://github.com/microsoft/scalar), which is also deprecated I think? What's Microsoft's story with git for large repos now? Is there still a virtual file system involved at all?
Microsoft is trying to get away from needing a VFS. Scalar eventually accomplished that by combining some enhancements that had been added to git since they originally designed the Git VFS, and plus some new features that only live in scalar.
The long term plan is for Scalar to either go away completely, or possibly just be a simple front end for setting up a repository to use certain optional git features.
They actually have a version of scalar in official git's contrib folder, and they are very actively working with the core git team to convert the relevant features into core git features in whatever way the core git team is happy with.
But of course the present situation is certainly confusing, and does not seem to be well documented. I've only picked up on some of this from reading the git mailing lists, and have no idea how to actually use scalar.
That doesn't really answer my questions though. What exactly does microsoft/git do that makes monorepos better? The readme doesn't answer. They have a branch called vfs but the readme doesn't mention virtual filesystems at all.