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SEC Charges Three with Insider Trading Around Equifax Data Breach Announcement (sec.gov)
131 points by gotmedium on Aug 16, 2022 | hide | past | favorite | 55 comments



"The complaint also alleges that L. Palmer later reimbursed the client by check for the purchase cost of the options, scribbling in the check's memo line the words, "Blue Horseshoe," an apparent reference to the coded language used to convey inside information in the 1987 movie Wall Street."

How can people be so idiotic?


>How can people be so idiotic?

The non-idiotic don't get caught.


Why are all convicted criminals such idiots?

Because law enforcement isn't competent enough to catch the intelligent criminals.


the intelligent ones are running the show


the intelligent ones use law enforcement to weed out their profession


They thought it was over an had already gotten away with it.

Not entirely like the main character at the end of that film when he is walking into the office …

Maybe they never saw the ending?


An acquaintance of mine is a US Attorney. We got talking “crime and criminals” once and his comment stuck with me: essentially, all criminals have two full-time jobs. First, you have to advance your criminal enterprise. But second you have to not get caught. And just like your typical salaryman, criminals have off days, get lazy and phone it in, or get cocky and think they’re pulling one over on the boss. And all the while he has dozens of highly paid investigators with one job: to catch people slipping.

Most importantly, while the criminal has to be perfect all the time, his investigators just have to be right just once.


Yep. Silk Road and Ross Ulbricht being the poster child for that.

He made one early mistake. It having said that it was probably inevitable he’d make another one very few people have the temperament for proper opsec and what’s the point of being young, rich and powerful if you can’t enjoy the benefits?


This has to be a new addition to Matt Levine's Rules of Insider Trading (i.e. don't refer to depictions of insider trading in popular media while insider trading). I'm really excited for the Money Stuff on this.


The penalty against normal everyday people like these people seems much stiffer than the penalties levied at sophisticated financial professionals. The traders operating hard-to-prove frauds with a "nod and a wink" approval from their supervisors at large banks and hedge funds always seem to be allowed to reap hundreds of millions of dollars in ill-gotten gains and if caught, give back only a tiny fraction of it, without even admitting guilt.


This is why the SEC has a lucrative whistleblower program:

> The Commission is authorized by Congress to provide monetary awards to eligible individuals who come forward with high-quality original information that leads to a Commission enforcement action in which over $1,000,000 in sanctions is ordered. The range for awards is between 10% and 30% of the money collected.

[1]: https://www.sec.gov/whistleblower


That doesn’t sound very appealing.

A lot of people in Wall Street, especially the ones with access to the kind of information to become a good whistleblower, make $500k+/year.

That means those people are actually very unlikely to want to tell on others, unless maybe they are already on their way out.


This appears to assume that the whistleblower would have to leave the company afterward, which may not be justified given (a) the strong anti-retaliatory protections, (b) the highly-regulated nature of Wall Street, and (c) the nature of these settlements. Maybe they're shuffled off to the bench until retirement, though.

Again, I don't know anything, though. I just appreciate the game theory.


Seems like they could blackmail the perp for 30-100% instead, or get it on it 50/50.


I don't have direct experience, but the first option reminds me of regex ("now you have two problems"), and the second looks like a fragile coalition.


I also don't have direct experience, but I would guess some of the same things that motivate someone to run afoul of the SEC would motivate someone else to conspire with them rather than "kill the golden goose."


This really isn't the case. Federal sentencing guidelines for white collar crime are pretty much determined by the amount of money involved in the crime.

Now what is probably true is that the sophisticated professionals probably end up with lesser charges, and therefore lower sentences than outright security fraud. That's not for lack of trying, but simply because it's generally pretty hard to prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt against someone who's done both a reasonable job at covering his tracks and has access to high-powered defense attorneys.

So what really happens is the Wall Street trader might do insider trading on say $100 million. But the evidence trail is pretty nebulous, the case would drag on for years, and a US Attorney doesn't want to waste their career making case on a highly uncertain case. So the hedge fund manager settles for a civil "failure to supervise" fine. (Even Michael Milken wasn't convicted of insider trading, but the lessor crime of 'parking'.)

In contrast the dipshit amateur does something stupid like leave a trail of text messages with his golf buddy, and then buys a weeks worth of volume in thinly traded out of money call options. The case is open and shut and they get nailed on the full charges.


Do you have any sources for your claim? I realize this does happen, but I've always been interested in high profile examples of this (with proof).


>always seem to be allowed to reap hundreds of millions of dollars in ill-gotten gains and if caught, give back only a tiny fraction of it, without even admitting guilt.

As per the SEC indictment, they earned $35k and $73k in ill gotten profits respectively, and were fined $99.7K and $79.9k. That's clearly more than "a tiny fraction"


Exactly. This is the little guy punishment, not the big guy who get hundreds of millions of dollars.


Ok, if I steal a $300 TV, and get caught do I have the option to simply pay a $900 fine?

Seriously, that's a heads I've made 30k, tails I lose some of my savings account. For people in this position that is all the penalty they received is. Worst case they extend their mortgage, which is already likely many times this fine and so the extension is of minimal impact.

But also the people who commit fraud that takes out hundreds of millions of dollars (corporate collapses, etc) do make large amounts of money, and can plead poverty as a defense against full compensation.

e.g. When Enron collapsed, few of the people responsible were jailed, and in fact were giving themselves bonuses mere days before it collapsed. So it lost people $45 billion directly attributable to fraud, and emptied its regular employee's 401ks and pension funds. The victims whose 401ks and pensions were emptied won all of $85 million of the $2 billion that was stolen, and investors got 11 billion. So they stole billions, repaid a quarter of that, and few actually went to jail. Of the fraction that were sent to jail I can't find evidence that they had to return any of the 700+ million in bonuses they received in the year leading up to the collapse, let alone the prior fraud based bonuses.


> Ok, if I steal a $300 TV, and get caught do I have the option to simply pay a $900 fine?

As another commenters have mentioned, the SEC doesn't have authority to bring criminal changes. That's on the DoJ. Therefore the rest of your rant about how people aren't being punished doesn't really apply.

Also, according to US federal sentencing guidelines, insider trading actually gets you harsher punishment compared to theft[2], 2 more points to be exact. For the duo mentioned in TFA, it's a difference between 10–16 months (for theft) and 15–21 months (for insider trading).

>e.g. When Enron collapsed, few of the people responsible were jailed, and in fact were giving themselves bonuses mere days before it collapsed. So it lost people $45 billion directly attributable to fraud, and emptied its regular employee's 401ks and pension funds. The victims whose 401ks and pensions were emptied won all of $85 million of the $2 billion that was stolen, and investors got 11 billion. So they stole billions, repaid a quarter of that, and few actually went to jail. Of the fraction that were sent to jail I can't find evidence that they had to return any of the 700+ million in bonuses they received in the year leading up to the collapse, let alone the prior fraud based bonuses.

Can you reference specific cases here? It's easy to point at a giant organization where Something Bad happened, and demand that everyone involved be punished, but that's not how the justice system works. You can't enact some sort of collective punishment for everyone involved with enron, you have to prosecute each person individually for the specific offenses that person committed. I suspect the reason for the lack of fines is that they didn't actually do anything illegal, or that they were difficult to prosecute, not because it's legal to defraud people.

[1] https://www.ussc.gov/guidelines/2021-guidelines-manual/annot...

[2] https://www.ussc.gov/guidelines/2021-guidelines-manual/annot...


You can throw TFA around all you like but

> Also, according to US federal sentencing guidelines, insider trading actually gets you harsher punishment compared to theft[2], 2 more points to be exact. For the duo mentioned in TFA, it's a difference between 10–16 months (for theft) and 15–21 months (for insider trading).

Is demonstrably false because as TFA says, the penalty for insider trading is a fine, no jail time, and no need to admit guilt.

> I suspect the reason for the lack of fines is that they didn't actually do anything illegal, or that they were difficult to prosecute, not because it's legal to defraud people.

Yet we know from multiple trials, and multiple lawsuits, that what they were doing is in fact illegal, because if what they were doing _was_ legal then instead of saying "most had no jail time" I would be saying "none had any jail time", instead of "only paying back a quarter" they would not have had to pay back any.


> Ok, if I steal a $300 TV, and get caught do I have the option to simply pay a $900 fine?

In California, you don't need to do anything because it won't get prosecuted. In places with saner approaches to property crime, the store may decide not to press charges if you pay a penalty to them or agree not to step foot in their stores again.

> tails I lose some of my savings account

You're not working in the financial services industry again with an insider trading conviction.


> You're not working in the financial services industry again with an insider trading conviction.

This is demonstrably false.

https://www.houstonchronicle.com/business/energy/article/Enr...

> [F]ormer Enron CEO launched Veld Applied Analytics, billed as a sophisticated online platform to invest in oil and gas assets.

So skilling is back on energy resources, e.g. exactly where he was at Enron

> [CFO Andrew Fastow] has since made a career on the public speaking circuit, with one agency listing his availability to lecture on “corporate culture” at universities and corporations around the world for a $10,000 to $20,000 fee.

Not exactly finance, but I also don't know how I ever get to be paid 10-20k/hour

I can't find anything about the others, but the two big names seem to be doing well for themselves


> exactly where he was at Enron

I'd hardly compare being CEO of a crappy startup with 2 news articles about it to one of the largest multinational corporations in the world. You can probably find some shit fund to work for with an insider trading conviction but you won't work for the big boys again.

> but I also don't know how I ever get to be paid 10-20k/hour

There are former felons who now lead nonprofits (I'm sure with 6 figure salaries) [1]. I quote: "In its third year, Just Leadership has a staff of 20 people and a $7.5 million budget for 2018–2019"

If people still decide to pay the guy after he's committed fraud, that's on them.

I'll also note Fastow went to prison for 6 years so it's not like he just paid a fine and got off. And the only reason it was 6 years instead of double digits was he informed on people.

[1] https://www.forbes.com/sites/laurensonnenberg/2017/08/26/a-f...


Insider trading laws apply to everyone, professional or amateur alike. Probably worse for a professional because you jeopardise your career prospects at the same time. And insider trading is just so much easier to discover and investigate compared to other kinds of financial crime.


> give back only a tiny fraction of it, without even admitting guilt.

a.k.a. their "cut" ;)


Are these really normal everday people?


I worked for Equifax decades ago and the amount of scamming going on was impressive. People would take part time jobs just to alter their credit scores and histories in the system then quit or get fired. They would be found out BUT Equifax couldn’t change the info back for some reason. I never found out why not. I assume it’s because they’re incompetent!


The part that keeps tripping these people up is involving even more real people in their crimes.

Synthetic identity fraud is probably a better way to go about being a criminal if you insist on participating via the stock market.

You don’t exactly need a supercomputer to correlate OTM options events for a single security. It’s way more traceable than most probably realize.


It seems uncommon for these types of charges to occur five years afterwards. Is there a reason it took so long?


The SEC recently went on a four year hiatus. They're just now catching up.


That’s strange. I thought commissioners serve 5 year terms.


"The SEC claims that the illegal trading by L. Palmer's former client and J. Palmer's friend netted approximately $35,000 and $73,000 in profits"... The SEC here going for the big whales. /s


If you know the whereabouts of those "big whales", feel free to report them here: https://www.sec.gov/tcr

There's money in it for you. A few months ago they awarded $17M to a whistleblower. https://www.sec.gov/news/press-release/2022-125

Otherwise, making vague references to "big whales" doesn't really go anywhere.


> If you know the whereabouts of those "big whales", feel free to report them here

Nothing happens to the big whales, that is the point. Look up Steve Cohen


Different rules apply for “eligible contract participants.”


The Pelosis have been making headlines for insider trading lately. I wonder if reporting them would result in similarly proportionate fines. (Just kidding, I don't wonder.)

https://nypost.com/2022/07/20/the-pelosis-trading-individual...


Come on now that's not really fair. It is totally legal for Nancy's husband to invest in companies and then for Nancy to push and kill laws that work in the financial interests of those companies. Even if you could prove Nancy was a total crook and the profit motive of that trading was driving her political dealings at the expense of the taxpayers, even with total documentary proof of it, it's not at all illegal. So calling insider trading isn't a legal definition at all.

It's not illegal so it's fine is something of a mantra around here.

But Trump is as crooked as he was weak and I honestly believe that too.


It doesn't have to be insider trading. It's blatant market manipulation, which is also illegal. And it also doesn't matter if it's her husband acting on it.

I've spent most of my career working in finance. Neither my spouse, my children, my siblings, my parents, my grandparents, my friends, my barber, nor my bartender can act on inside information I was privy to that I may have uttered in their presence. The relation doesn't matter, the non public nature of the knowledge is what matters.

That Pelosi not only has insider knowledge but the power the manipulate the market via legislation makes what she and her husband do that much more egregious. Same for any other congressional scum. They should be held to a higher standard than the plebes, not a lesser.


Yes, yes, yes quite so but you're talking about ethics, morality, standards of behavior.

Insider trading is _law_ and Pelosi is not in breach of the _law_. Apparently the test is that the market moving info to which you are privy has been /stolen/ from the company if you tell your bartender and they trade. Pelosi changes the legal and regulatory environment in the future in ways the company doesn't even know about! So nothing is stolen from the company and her husband /can/ and /does/ take massive positions in short dated out of the money options based on whether a law will pass or not to the financial advantage of the company and so has made a huge fortune for the Pelosis and can then laugh in your face because it is perfectly legal to do so. Pretty sure Pelosi is doing that laughing too but that part is merely like, my opinion man.

Whether it /should/ be legal, whether it /should/ be classified insider trading, whether Pelosi or anyone behaving like that making tens of millions from trading on ifnfo gained in confidence performing "public service" belongs in jail is an entirely different discussion. Around here when someone points out "may be legal but definitely not ok" there are usually a string of responses to the contrary that if it's legal you can't blame a person so that discussion probably isn't worth having, nobody will change their views on it.

Trump is awful and horrendous and it should be crystal clear from the above how that affects my thinking on the vile-ness of Pelosi and her ilk. How about you? Does the existence of Trump make rampant corruption elsewhere ok because it is "not Trump" in your opinion? It does seem to be the zeitgeist in many quarters.


Is there any decent human being who works for or with Equifax?


Huh, does that mean if I steal a $300 tv and get caught I just have to return the TV and pay a $600 fine? I didn't know that was an option. I thought that you had to go to jail or something like that?


The SEC cannot bring criminal charges. Honestly it's a fucking joke, seems like it was worth it for them. They can just reshuffle their cash in some trusts or crypto or whatever and good luck getting it, they won't be behind bars.


> The SEC claims that the illegal trading by L. Palmer's former client and J. Palmer's friend netted approximately $35,000 and $73,000 in profits, respectively, portions of which were shared with L. Palmer and J. Palmer according to their arrangements.

> Additionally, the final judgment against L. Palmer would order him to disgorge $9,000 plus prejudgment interest of $2,026, and pay a civil penalty of $88,698. The final judgment against J. Palmer would order him to disgorge $28,000 plus prejudgment interest of $6,303, and pay a civil penalty of $73,399. The litigation as to Dishinger remains pending.

In no sense was it "worth it for them."


>Palmer's friend netted approximately $35,000 and $73,000 in profits

Yeah I'd like to see proof that's actually all there is, rather than all they were able to charge them with. It's not as if those involved in financial related crimes are always honest about finances, and it could be they only gave up the portions where they figured out the feds were going to find.


>Yeah I'd like to see proof that's actually all there is, rather than all they were able to charge them with.

doesn't this require proving a negative? If they got charged, presumably the feds combed through their bank records and found any unexplained deposits. You could argue that they had the real loot in some numbered offshore account and/or crypto that's totally unlinked to them, but I'm not sure how you'd prove that those accounts don't exist.


One could assume that the SEC (or any legal entity with investigative powers) will do their own due diligence and in this case, will do their own forensic accounting investigation into these two to corroborate their story.


He’s clearly just grinding his axe about government. Probably not worth engaging him tbh.


[flagged]


I reached the same conclusion from your comment and afaik I’ve never encountered you before (and if I have it wasn’t very memorable, sorry bud)


Can’t edit the comment now. To the person above, I’m easy to find and contact, feel free to avail yourself if you have something you want to say. That’s not an invitation for abuse, but I’m considerably more open minded to expressing and hearing strong emotions than I feel comfortable doing or expect to be kosher here. Have at it. As long as you’re not threatening me, I’ll read what you have to say.


You said you came to the same "conclusion" ("not worth engaging tbh" said OP). So now you admit that your comment was a lie, and that you do want to engage. Not really interested now though, someone who one moment believes I'm not worthy of engaging but the next moment pretends they are an open and interested communicator ready and receptive to communication is quite the mood swing on your end. This is the last I desire to ever interact with you, and I'll give you the benefit of the result there would be had your comment actually been truth: have a nice life and I promise never to intentionally contact you again.


It can, and often does, work with the Department of Justice and the United States Attorney’s Office to bring criminal charges.


A lot of times the SEC and the DOJ bring parallel actions, with the DOJ bringing criminal charges. You need to go specifically look for the DOJ's press release or scour court dockets.




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