Those weren't AAA mortgage securities that went bust in 2008, though some were fraudulently marketed as such. They were liar loans on second-rate properties chopped up into a bunch of tiny pieces and re-sold, based on the notion that real estate would only go up forever, so if people failed to pay the lender would foreclose and own real estate with more value than the original loan.
Seems similar to some methods of stabilizing a "stablecoin": back it by a traditional cryptocoin and assume that this other coin can only go up.
People who had only bank deposits didn't lose anything.
Those chopped-up pieces of crap got lumped together in big collections which got rated AAA, because the people rating them assumed that not too many of the little pieces would fail at the same time.
Seems similar to some methods of stabilizing a "stablecoin": back it by a traditional cryptocoin and assume that this other coin can only go up.
People who had only bank deposits didn't lose anything.