For integration tests and other code meant to run like external facing code I use my local machine for debugging. If my local machine is too slow (like running the whole integ test suite) I use a cloud VM.
For internal code or slow to build code I use a remote VM hooked up to the internal network. That allows me to build quickly and test in an integration environment.
I use a file synchronization tool like mutagen at work (for ninjas) and I use mutagen on my personal laptop for the same workflow.
I generally prefer using a remote vm for development and only using my laptop for git.
Also you can use spot VMs for development so it can be cheap to get a high CPU vm for building and debugging or a high mem VM for running data science scripts and debugging them.
VSCode makes it very easy to selectively install plugins on a remote that doesn’t have internet access and allows fairly seamless editing, debugging and terminal access to a remote with very little effort. But I’ve been looking for alternatives to VSCode’s remote editing experience because I’ve generally got about 6-8 projects that I keep open all the time and it can eat up a lot of RAM and CPU especially when I have several of them running and debugging stuff in tandem. The trick for me is that beyond file editing synchronization I need to be able to debug the code. There’s some promising ideas here, but I haven’t been able to make the jump yet. The jet brains link you shared is the most similar offering I’ve seen, but I’m hopeful distant.nvim or mutagen (plus whatever else I’d need) can be used to get more tools on a similar level of seamlessness.
I use jetbrains IDEs cause you get this stuff out the box without much fiddling with configs and it’s all integrated together.
For lower ram when working on multiple projects they did build a new ide for lightweight remote dev but I havent tried it: https://www.jetbrains.com/fleet/
I'm asking because I'm contemplating on doing some work on AWS. If code runs on AWS doesn't it mean it makes lots of calls to the different AWS APIs. And then in which environment do you debug the code that makes those API-calls? Is it even possible to debug it locally?