At the very least you need to provide proof of your SSN before you start employment in the US (as a US citizen at least). This is required for your social security benefits and some tax info. I believe in most states you actually have to physically show your social security card on the first day of employment now too.
That form also requires your SSN (or equivalent ITIN for non-citizens).
Using your passport doesn't obviate the requirement that they have your SSN or ITIN for the IRS.
The SSN card proves your eligibility to work, they still need to verify your ID separately (DL, voter card, etc.). They need both pieces. A passport counts as both.
Correct, if you have a passport or other eligible documents that attest your right to work. Your SSN card counts as one of the eligible forms of attesting your right to work but not your ID.
Which is I think what I said. They still need your SSN, just not the card itself.
It’s not intended to be a secure ID. It’s meant to be the number by which you claim your social security benefits. It’s just warped into this ungodly mess because people use it as a “secure” number.