Interestingly, 0.1s/note = 10 notes per second is approaching the upper limit of how many notes per second a musician can competently/clearly play on a string instrument!
Adam Neely has explored this. 20 Hz is the lower bound of human hearing, a/k/a 20 beats/second. Any faster than that, and beats blur into a constant tone.
Different phenomena and physical senses have different temporal distinction rates. Smell is probably among the slowest. Touch (really a collection of senses from pressure, heat, cold, vibration, proprioception, pain, and possibly others), ranges from slow (heat/cold) to fast (vibration). Visual range gets close to the 1/10th of a second described in the article, though some changes may be slower, others (usually based on flicker or interference patterns) may give even higher resolution, though an upper bound of 1/100th, possibly 1/1000th of a second (strobe effects) is probably the extreme, and that's already special cases outside typical (and certainly evolutionary) experience.
