Such a rocket would likely have two or more independent systems that would each have to agree on the adjustment, so one of them temporarily failing would not pose a problem. Though I doubt there are any rockets using database queries as part of their control system.
In those kinds of systems I suspect the approach is to enumerate every possible scenario and prove that the system behaves correctly in all of them, and if you can't do that, the system may be too complex and you need to redesign it to be simpler so that you can guarantee that it does not fail.
In those kinds of systems I suspect the approach is to enumerate every possible scenario and prove that the system behaves correctly in all of them, and if you can't do that, the system may be too complex and you need to redesign it to be simpler so that you can guarantee that it does not fail.