>None of these technologies allow you to exceed the available bandwidth
Exceed available bandwidth of what? Per Spectrum? Shannon–Hartley theorem?
The whole point of 4G, and 5G, mentioned in the GP as Massive MIMO was that we could workaround those limits with more Antenna. Everything we are doing today and aiming to do in 3GPP Rel 17 in a few years time are literally impossible to even infer about in the early 2000s. When Massive MIMO, or it was known as Very large Array of Antenna was first published people called the idea "crazy". And CoMP, whether the marketing decide to call it 5.5G or 5.9G along with distributed antennas being worked on in 6G.
There are no fundamental technical reason why we cant have a fully wireless Internet. Although there are many business and economical reason why this may never happen.
Sorry, I think I meant 4G, not 3G. It's marketed as LTE here.
> Exceed available bandwidth of what? Per Spectrum? Shannon–Hartley theorem?
No, not Shannon-Hartley. That's just a mathematical model.
When EM waves propagate, they are subject to diffraction, which limits both the amount of information that can be transmitted per time interval, and also the spatial resolution of the transmission. Even with antenna arrays or distributed antennas you can't get past diffraction limits; you can just get closer to them.
To get around diffraction limits, you need to use higher frequencies / shorter wavelengths. (Which has the side effect that you loose the ability of signals to go around / through obstacles, so you need a lot more cell towers.)
We're at a point where new technologies just make different trade-offs (eg. shorter wavelengths for areas with lots of wireless clients vs. longer wavelengths for sparse areas).
With a fibre connection, you don't need to make these tradeoffs; you just need to dig up the ground and you can have as much bandwidth between two points as you want.
Well, yes 3G is Shared Spectrum.
>None of these technologies allow you to exceed the available bandwidth
Exceed available bandwidth of what? Per Spectrum? Shannon–Hartley theorem?
The whole point of 4G, and 5G, mentioned in the GP as Massive MIMO was that we could workaround those limits with more Antenna. Everything we are doing today and aiming to do in 3GPP Rel 17 in a few years time are literally impossible to even infer about in the early 2000s. When Massive MIMO, or it was known as Very large Array of Antenna was first published people called the idea "crazy". And CoMP, whether the marketing decide to call it 5.5G or 5.9G along with distributed antennas being worked on in 6G.
There are no fundamental technical reason why we cant have a fully wireless Internet. Although there are many business and economical reason why this may never happen.