From my experience the issue with monoliths is organizational and cultural first, then technical (maybe). Monoliths are usually managed by 1 team (IT for instance). This 1 team has never had to collaborate with other teams on building/configuring/improving the monolith. Centralizing things works well for stability but it is horrible for innovation. For instance, ERPs like SAP are monoliths, how do you inject, say, an AI algo to improve productivity on managing invoices into it? That team pushing for that AI is probably super close to accounting but probably far from the SAP IT team. The SAP IT team is incentivized on stability while the accounting one on productivity, how do you resolve the conflict? How do you work together and collaborate? I am sure microservices have many issues, but they make these conversations not just easier but necessary. I think this is the biggest advantage of microservices.
