Around 12 years ago, I bought a used Model M. It uses a slightly different technique for registering keypresses but looks about the same on the inside as the Model F. It worked great. After 3 days, I decided to clean it up and open it. I then quickly destroyed it by using a bit too much water during the cleaning. It got into the plastic tubes with the springs [0] and that was the end of most of the keys. I tried drying it with a hairdryer, but without success. The black plastic visible on the image is attached to the board by melted plastic joints, so removing it without destroying it is not possible. Congratulations to the author for not making the same stupid mistake as me.
Of course, you can still experience the clickiness of the Model M without owning one with the great emulator [1]. It's available on Debian and Ubuntu dev-releases:
You can speed this process up by gently scrubbing with Dawn dish soap and lots of regular water, as long as you keep it wet. The key is to thoroughly rinse everything with distilled water before anything starts drying off.
I treated myself and bought one last year. It failed electronically six months later despite spending nearly all its time in the box...I bought it to use when using an RPi. Unicomp fixed it under warranty but made me pay for shipping it back to them.
To me, not covering shipping on warranty is a tell that their quality is low enough that failed keyboards are common. I don’t think I have ever seen a device have an electronically failed USB port...cables sure but this wasn’t.
Anyway mine was junk and might still be. I wouldn’t recommend Unicomp anymore.
For what it's worth, I own a Unicomp keyboard I got in 2013 and it still works flawlessly to this day. Not doubting nor disqualifying your experience, but just want to provide a counterbalance.
Failing USB electronics seems symptomatic of corner cutting at the level of pennies per unit. Sure anyone can get a bad batch of chips. It’s what gets done about it that speaks to quality.
This wasn’t rough use by me. It was barely used. It was a manufacturing defect and there is no way that Unicomp could not know after the keyboard was in their shop and unlikely they didn’t know before. You just can’t be in the keyboard business that long and not know what is going on.
They probably made good keyboards for a long time and might again. Mine was poorly made in terms of reliability and I don’t have confidence that they repaired it with more reliable components.
I have a Model M with a 1984 date code. The most interesting thing was that keyboard at IBM (at the time I was there) were a "green" tag part, meaning that you could just replace at customer no questions asked, not a ton of tracking. The number of these that got swapped just because they were dirty was scary. We did not have to account for them. I wish I had kept a bunch at this point.
My Model M is used on the gaming PC (Civ, XCOM and the like, not FPS).
For everyday use on the laptop I have a Japanese layout Filco Majestouch Convertible 2 TKL w/Cherry Red switches (45 cN force). I also have the same with Cherry Brown switches (55 cN). Not sure which I like the best at this point. The Model M is 70 cN.
I have a Model F somewhere around here in box. I think I need to find it and clean it up.
I also destroyed a Model M (SSK) due to water damage and a botched repair.
This one was bolt modded however, which fixes the "plastic rivets literally disintegrating" problem.
Currently using Lexmark Model M that needs the bolt mod treatment. I'm planing on sending it to Clicky Keyboards [0].
There is a project to get new ones made. I've met the dude behind it at a few keyboard meetups around NYC. I guess they are finally shipping! An absolutely herculean effort on his part.
What a wonderful restoration!
They really are lovely keyboards.
I am sure many people already know, but just in case-
There is also a dedicated enthusiast who has worked to painstakingly reproduce the model F keyboard, and make them available for sale at https://www.modelfkeyboards.com
I have this exact keyboard, an '83 XT! Built like a tank (seriously, you could bludgeon someone to death with it) and the smoothest, most pleasurable keyswitch out of the dozens I've tried. The F keyswitch makes all cherry clones feel like cheap Chinese crap, sadly this is why I had to part with my ergodox. The only downsides are the loud typing and the nonstandard layout, which you might prefer once you get used to it (ctrl key to the left of a).
If you're looking for a serious keyboard to last you the rest of your life, I highly recommend the F.
Yes, the lack of a windows key can be a little annoying - I have F8 mapped to it in my soarer's converter config, which seems to be a pretty convenient location. And I have yet to encounter any software where F8 does something super critical that can't be remapped
I use a model-f terminal keyboard with a small microcontroller to convert it to usb. It's pretty great.
I used to use model-ms but they became hard to get, and I gave away far too many of them back at a time when they weren't scarce. (I still have two, but can't replace them at a reasonable price if they fail)
The extra keys on the model-f terminal keyboards are handy too.
There was a window where I worried that my two remaining model-ms were going to have to last me the rest of my life.
Fortunately there are now a lot of mechanical keyboards available at reasonable prices. I like the model-m and model-f keyboards somewhat better, but many other mechanical keyboard choices are pretty good too.
[Replying to the dead reply: I was able to buy a bunch of model-f terminal keyboards, and last I checked they're still available at non-astronomical prices; presumably due to the difficulty of connecting them to modern hosts.]
I wonder if it would be worth putting a layer of black paint or a clear sealant over the metal plate that was exposed? I'd just worry having freshly exposed metal like that might eventually rust.
I've been looking around for a Model F which would really be the crown jewel of my collection, but unfortunately they are very rare and everyone who owns one really knows its value. As for my own use, after I got an Ultimate Hacking Keyboard I have no longer used the Cherry or other keyboards for real work. Getting a split keyboard "ruined" me from others, so they are now just novelty items.
I daily drive an original 80s model m that I found in the trash and restored.
Almost everyone that comes into my office comments on it, some engineers are truly giddy. Funny enough our ultra-high spec engineering workstations have native ps/2 ports, no adapters necessary!
I left it at the office over the pandemic, it's one of the things I miss the most at home .
I am a big fan of old-style mechanical switches. In fact, I recently restored my old NTC keyboard from the 80s. But having tried to use it, I just can't get over the fact that these keyboards were seriously lacking modifier keys.
I need at least Ctrl, Alt and Command to work comfortably, and ideally also have Fn and Super. You can get away with remapping right-side modifiers to do something else, but you can't add a key that isn't physically there — so if the left side of the spacebar does not have at least three modifier keys, the keyboard is not very useful for me…
Also, having gotten used to the UHK (Ultimate Hacking Keyboard), I find that the huge space bar is a waste: I only ever hit the space key with the right thumb, and I'd much rather have an entire row of modifiers than a huge spacebar key, which mostly goes unused.
I'm a bit fan of split space boards as well. Luckily there seems to be some movement to bring that to 65%+ market. I have space and backspace at the bottom of the board, and it saves my pinky a ton of work.
HN introduced me to mechanical keyboards and especially the Model M, way before the renaissance we see now. So I sourced some Model Ms (before it was pricey) and Apple Extended Keyboards. For the sake of my office mates, I ended up using external but oldschool Thinkpad keyboards for silence and office peace.
I had high hopes for an external Apple butterfly keyboard, since it basically fulfills the promise of mechanical keyboards in providing haptical and audible feedback, combined with a shorter key travel. Additionally it would have been socially accepted far more easily than anything mentioned above;)
Since that will not be happening anytime soon, I have to wait 10 years until the virtues of the butterfly mechanism will be rediscovered by a small group of enthusiasts and hackers. :P
Thanks for the article, that really hit the spot. I've been on a Chyrosran22 [1] binge lately (he's got a general Model F review [2]), and I'm toying with the idea of making a 75% with ALPS switches, once I manage to find switches or a board at an acceptable price.
I brought (a 34 year old one) a few years dirt cheap ago off eBay. It came speckled in someone's blood, who'd apparently died on top of it.
A good (and very thorough) wash later and its as good as new. The best (and loudest) keyboard I use. Its best feature is the little ridge to hold your pencil on top of it---why don't more keyboards have one?
That's the usual position for them prior to the 102 key keyboard introduction. Really wrecked the Ctrl sequences of wordstar and the movement diamond. I've been wondering about recreating an classic AT keyboard layout for my own use but I haven't really got a good place for the F11/F12 function keys yet.
Those keyboards were nice. Very clicky! Around 1985 or so my dad had an IBM PC/AT at his company. They had purchased a real time stock quotation service that needed a satellite dish on the roof. It was cutting edge for the time. I remember not only that keyboard, but learning about stocks for the first time...
I used to have companies pay me to dispose of their old terminals. We then converted the keyboards to USBs and sold them ($100-$300 per board).
Was easily one of the best little business ventures I had. Was making hundreds to thousands an hour, course there’s limited supply and demand so it wasn’t sustainable.
Is it possible to buy "sample keyboard"? Kind of couple of keys to hear and feel? I know it's possible to buy switches themselves with all the colours, however I'd like to try how they work with keys before I buy the full keyboard.
Some switch testers will come with caps. Otherwise you can just get blank caps rather cheaply and put them on.
If you want a slightly more in-depth experience, there are hotswap macro pads that will let you change out switches, with keycaps, and actually input things with them.
The only other option is to track down a keyboard meetup, at least that will be an option against post covid.
I still have this keyboard along with my first computer, a second-hand IBM PC (5150). The Alt key has some inconsistency registering so I was hoping for some detailed fixing but looks like he just did some deep cleaning and ended up with some bad keys as well.
Someone pointed out that this site to me that sells replacement parts. I was looking at getting new flipper springs for the keys that don't always register.
Years ago I bought a huge box of old IBM Model-M keyboards- not model F's like here, but pretty close. I planned on refurbishing and reselling on eBay, but quickly discovered the cost of shipping ate any profit I hoped to make on them. Life lesson learned.
They go for much higher now. I'm down to just one Model M left that I use every day, and I regret not trying to rescue the several that failed along the way.
Remember when these came out and how similar they were to the terminal keyboards of the time. For a long time I preferred these over the model M that defined our modern keyboards.
Recently I scored a Packard Bell M7US02X-20 keyboard. It's switches are a simpler design than the Model F, but typing feel and key placement are very similar.
One of the best things about it, if you happen to like having Control on the home row.
My first decade and change of typing was on a Model F, from my father's PC-AT. I still have it, although I use an Ergodox now and might never plug it in again. Great piece of hardware, durable like a tank and excellent key feel.
This is one of the best things about those new production Model F boards - they are the "Kishsaver" style which with some key cap changes can be made very similar to a modern 80% layout.
They're missing too many keys I consider.. critical, home/end, insert/delete, F-Keys, a modern 10-key layout - as I'm typing this on a modern production Model M, I'm hard pressed to tell what makes these better than the unicomp ones I have now.
Did you purchase it individually? Do you recall what you paid for it? In the blog, I linked to a YouTube video that said they retailed for $300-400. I believe it, but would like to hear confirmation.
Of course, you can still experience the clickiness of the Model M without owning one with the great emulator [1]. It's available on Debian and Ubuntu dev-releases:
[0] https://blog.opsdisk.com/images/keyboard/preclean.jpg[1] https://github.com/zevv/bucklespring