I posit it's susceptible to both, and that it is susceptible to any manipulation. Not just overt or malicious. Even in good faith. And even the article is a form of manipulation. And I am saying the "manipulated" and the "educated" are often one in the same especially in hindsight when wrong becomes clear.
Domocracy is resilient against simple ignorance. It is susceptible to overt manipulation.
Even manipulation often reflects a balance of interests, though shifting the margins can have profound effects.