Incognito mode blocks third party cookies by default and apparently there is a bug in Safari up to iOS 12 that treats None as strict:
>Versions of Safari and embedded browsers on MacOS 10.14 and all browsers on iOS 12. These versions will erroneously treat cookies marked with `SameSite=None` as if they were marked `SameSite=Strict`. This bug has been fixed on newer versions of iOS and MacOS.
that's the root of it right? Many app servers or "wafs" inject/validate csrf tokens on requests/responses. There may be a way to set the SameSite flag on cookies at the server level without even having to touch app code. "if SameSite isn't set then set it to None".
I've been running into this issue in an number of projects all involving SSO and custom in-house IDP implementations. It's an easy fix but getting the teams together and coordinated has been the hardest part.