The thing is one cannot type mtavruli letters. No modern keyboard layout which I am aware of allows that.
If you press "s" key it types "ს" (S), but if you press "shift+s" it types "შ" (SH), which is entirely different letter. Georgian alphabet has 33 letters, 7 more letters than Latin, so letters ჭღშჟძჩთ are mapped to shift+something keystrokes.
Russian language has 33 letters too, but Russian layouts override 7 punctuation keys ,.;'[]~ so pressing "," will not type a comma, but a letter "б", pressing "]" will type "ъ", so Russian layouts remap punctuation symbols to shift+number keystrokes. Georgian layouts keep punctuation key assignments same as for English and use shift+letter for additional letters.
Modern fonts may have mtavruli styled glyphs, that is true, but they are placed on mkhedruli code points anyway, which is exactly the problem, no widely used fonts support this case switch anyway and render ⍰.
In Arch-based Linux distros you can use Caps Lock.
When Caps Lock is active, each letter comes out capitalized (including shift+ combinations).
Mtavruli has already been supported by the following fonts: Google Noto (Android 11 DP, Arch Linux), SegoeUI, Calibri (Windows 2019 update), Helvetica Neue (macOS Catalina, iOS 13).
If you press "s" key it types "ს" (S), but if you press "shift+s" it types "შ" (SH), which is entirely different letter. Georgian alphabet has 33 letters, 7 more letters than Latin, so letters ჭღშჟძჩთ are mapped to shift+something keystrokes.
Russian language has 33 letters too, but Russian layouts override 7 punctuation keys ,.;'[]~ so pressing "," will not type a comma, but a letter "б", pressing "]" will type "ъ", so Russian layouts remap punctuation symbols to shift+number keystrokes. Georgian layouts keep punctuation key assignments same as for English and use shift+letter for additional letters.
Modern fonts may have mtavruli styled glyphs, that is true, but they are placed on mkhedruli code points anyway, which is exactly the problem, no widely used fonts support this case switch anyway and render ⍰.