The square brackets for arithmetic conditionals in bash are deprecated. Rather than:
[ $[$RANDOM % 10] = 0 ]
...you can use double-parentheses. Therein, you can omit the `$` on variables and, remember, the expression evaluates to true for any non-zero value. Thus, instead:
works fine – but you're right, $[...] is not even mentioned in the manual any longer. The release notes[1] say that it's "no longer supported" in the changes for Bash 2.0 (that's 1996!), and Chet Ramey talks about it in the bug-bash mailing list[2].