If your goal is to secure the entire internet via SSL or get people to use PGP signed emails in a mass market then the tremendous technical and cultural hurdles in place that create making a 'truly secure' implementation that gets widely accepted a near impossibility.
But if you goal is to secure the communication between trained people in a 'terrorist cell' or other small group then that is pretty easy. It's really as hard as you want it to be.
For example any decent programmer could write a program that utilizes a 'One Time Pad' of random data to encrypt communication. A program in a USB flash drive that is filled with randomly generated data and the program is all that would need to be exchanged ahead of time. The biggest challenge involved in that is making absolutely sure that the every section of the one time pad used is only used once and is destroyed afterwards. You don't need to really know anything about encryption or math or protocol details to make something like that work.
And if correctly done it'll be impossible to crack.
And we are dealing with threats and adversaries that are much more sophisticated then that. Even small terrorist groups are more often then not state-funded one way or another. Foreign threats are sophisticated enough to create their own encryption. Domestic threats and cartels are sophisticated to hire competent programmers to do work for them. Pedophiles are not idiots either. Many of them are talented technical people that will have no problem avoiding government backdoors in commercial software and hardware products.
The threats American face via encryption isn't that encryption is too strong. It's that Americans don't use it enough and don't use it properly.
I find the idea that Americans are under threat due to lack of backdoors a fallacious one. Legislating that backdoors need to put in place only increases threats.
The only thing that laws like that would accomplish is to make it illegal for Americans to be secure.
Take away legal ability to have secure software then it means that the only people who will have secure software is criminals. Criminalizing good software is never going to be productive.
USB stick? the entertainment industry provides an excellent source for the distribution of 1-time pads, just agree on some particular stream/CD/DVD/etc ("number 27 on this week's top 40") and use the LSBs in some agreed order
There are recurring patterns in a video or audio stream. More often than not these coincide with recurring patterns in the message, revealing information. For the sake of an example, take some pages of a novel as the one time pad. There will be statistical variations (not all ciphers in the ciphertext come with equal frequency) in the ciphertext, where the combination ocuring most will correspond to an "e" in the plain text and an "e" in the one time pad because both occur most often in English language. You can calculate the probabilities for each combination and thus deduce the plain text provided it is long enough. For a one time pad to be secure it must be truly random or pseudo-random.
As a way out you can agree to a seed to a secure pseudo random algorithm but that's commonly called a password or pre-shared secret. In fact it's more secure to use just the string 'The Nth 4096 bits from this week's mod(N,100) top video on YouTube' as pre-shared secret.
Maybe, but I wouldn't want to rely on it. I don't know anything about real world music encodings but for the analog signal you have zero-crossings at fairly regular intervals.
All public encryption algorithms have backdoors in their implementation and sometimes (as with Elliptic Curve standards from NIST adopted in the browser) in their spec.
You might get lucky if you have a cryptographer design you a custom algorithm but that's mostly security thru obscurity and if a state actor really wanted to defeat it they may just kidnap the cryptographer at gun point and have them reveal how to.
Cryptography as a weapon against state actors is NO LESS BRAINLESS than the right to bear arms to protect against the US gov. Just completely useless, if not brain dead.
Although you're right that anything but OTPs give you guarantees and that cryptography is still a black art (with lots of unrealistic conditional proofs), good cryptography can be completely open and will be no less secure if it is published, so there is really no need to kidnap the cryptographer.
There is also good reason to assume that if e.g. you make your own Feistel cipher out of existing cryptographic primitives without caring too much about performance, then it will be secure enough against state actors.
Nowadays side channel attacks seem to be the rule, and there is no way to secure the endpoints without developing the whole technology in-house - which is essentially impossible even for organized crime. So the whole discussion is essentially moot, the FBI can buy 0-day exploits on the black market or develop their own like everyone else.
>All public encryption algorithms have backdoors in their implementation and sometimes (as with Elliptic Curve standards from NIST adopted in the browser) in their spec
Encryption is not trivial to implement right, but it is also not impossible to defend against reasonable threat models. You make claims without giving any proof.
The whole point of a one time pad is that it is never used again and destroyed after use. Even the sick fucks in the CIA don't think they can get a key sequence from you with torture or threats after it has already been stomped and put in a microwave.
If your goal is to secure the entire internet via SSL or get people to use PGP signed emails in a mass market then the tremendous technical and cultural hurdles in place that create making a 'truly secure' implementation that gets widely accepted a near impossibility.
But if you goal is to secure the communication between trained people in a 'terrorist cell' or other small group then that is pretty easy. It's really as hard as you want it to be.
For example any decent programmer could write a program that utilizes a 'One Time Pad' of random data to encrypt communication. A program in a USB flash drive that is filled with randomly generated data and the program is all that would need to be exchanged ahead of time. The biggest challenge involved in that is making absolutely sure that the every section of the one time pad used is only used once and is destroyed afterwards. You don't need to really know anything about encryption or math or protocol details to make something like that work.
And if correctly done it'll be impossible to crack.
And we are dealing with threats and adversaries that are much more sophisticated then that. Even small terrorist groups are more often then not state-funded one way or another. Foreign threats are sophisticated enough to create their own encryption. Domestic threats and cartels are sophisticated to hire competent programmers to do work for them. Pedophiles are not idiots either. Many of them are talented technical people that will have no problem avoiding government backdoors in commercial software and hardware products.
The threats American face via encryption isn't that encryption is too strong. It's that Americans don't use it enough and don't use it properly.
I find the idea that Americans are under threat due to lack of backdoors a fallacious one. Legislating that backdoors need to put in place only increases threats.
The only thing that laws like that would accomplish is to make it illegal for Americans to be secure.
Take away legal ability to have secure software then it means that the only people who will have secure software is criminals. Criminalizing good software is never going to be productive.