\C-a: beginning of line
$: self-insert
(: self-insert
\C-e: end of line
): self-insert
So if your prompt (with | for cursor) looks like this:
grep 'blah blah' |some_file
And you execute that macro, you get:
$(grep 'blah blah' some_file)|
Which is correctly quoted and I think always correctly quotes whatever is at the prompt (unless you e.g. get half way through a string and press enter so the beginning of the prompt is halfway through a string, or maybe if you have multiple lines)