I might be wrong, but I believe the glass is the output of an AI program, trained by observing multiple manually corrected iterations of glass making, to arrange impurities while making glass, for object recognition. The glass and impurities themselves aren't the AI here, the program that can repeatedly be used in mass production to make object-recognizing glass, is the AI
This looks like any of the “build your first neural net” tutorials online that do the same task. The only difference is that training this one was a lot more work.