The US is not the biggest polluter according to those ranks in fact. You're claiming that despite your own setup proving that isn't the case.
China is the biggest output source of CO2 on earth and their output is rising aggressively and is likely set to continue doing so as their people see their standard of living climb. The overwhelmingly majority of their energy comes from coal, and they have no intention to put an end to that. That means China is going to keep right on widening the gap on their CO2 output lead.
The US is not the leader on CO2 emissions per capita. Saudi Arabia and Australia as both higher. And at the rate Canada is going, it's either already higher or is going to be soon.
The cumulative data isn't a valid excuse. Any nation that had the largest economy from 1890 to 1990 would have been the leader by default on cumulative emissions. There were no good renewable alternative approaches, and until the 1960s nuclear power wasn't practical at all. Besides, at the rate China is polluting, it's going to rapidly overtake the US on every cumulative point: its economy is radically bigger than the US economy was both 50 and 100 years ago and is putting out radically more CO2 (in every respect).
Every year of CO2 output by China is equal to 20+ years of US CO2 output prior to WW2. For one example, just look at the size of the US steel industry in 1930 vs China's today. It won't take China more than another few years at their current rate of CO2 output, to perpetually own the cumulative figures across the board. China's economy is already twice the size in real terms of the US economy in 1965, when the US owned 1/2 of all global manufacturing; in just one decade, China will be 4x the size of the US economy in 1965.
It does not have the highest CO2 emissions per capita. Have a look at Canada and Australia, for example.
It certainly does not have the highest CO2 emissions per GDP. Tons of countries are higher on that count, for example China.