Agent-Based Modeling is an approach to understanding complex systems by simulati...

Agent-Based Modeling is an approach to understanding complex systems by simulating interactions between actors in a population. The actors can be modeled with varying properties, and the output of the model often produces emergent behavior.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agent-based_model

Check out the NetLogo ABM environment for several pre-built example models.

http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/