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The planet gets shorter, then longer, then shorter again... All that in a single direction, while the size on the other two directions stays the same.



That is incorrect. What you describe is a dipolar oscillation. The simplest gravitational waves woudl have a quadrupole moment: stretch in one direction while contracting in the direction perpendicular to it. Have a look at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_wave where there is an animation illustrating the simplest case.


Right. There are no dipolar gravity oscillation because of conservation of momentum, thus the waves must be quadrupolar.

Didn't think about that before.




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