1. Again, theoretically there will be a limit where these will converge for diesel and petrol vehicles. At that point, I predict that EVs, hybrids, and fuel cell vehicles will offset the overall requirements.
2. Collision resistance has improved as weight has decreased.
3. Did they meet mileage standards? Maybe. Probably. 46mpg (the resultant fuel economy after the patch) appears to be outstanding even for diesel vehicles. Mileage is imposed on individual models by year targets and also manufacturer-wide. That is why cars in general are sold with much lower margins: to help manufacturers offset the poor fuel economy and emissions of larger vehicles.
2. Collision resistance has improved as weight has decreased.
3. Did they meet mileage standards? Maybe. Probably. 46mpg (the resultant fuel economy after the patch) appears to be outstanding even for diesel vehicles. Mileage is imposed on individual models by year targets and also manufacturer-wide. That is why cars in general are sold with much lower margins: to help manufacturers offset the poor fuel economy and emissions of larger vehicles.