The language probably had something to do with it, at least in that scientists got involved very early on[0] and language features were added as a result.
numpy, scipy, scikit-learn, matplotlib, pandas, biopython, sage, ipython and ipython notebook — now jupyter — (with both matplotlib and clusters management integrations), non-C accelerators (numba, cython), anaconda (a science and engineering semi-proprietary bundling & package manager).
Many of these have their roots in the late 90s or early 00s. I guess Python got its fangs (haha) into scientific computing at the turn of the century, from the late 90s you find articles mentioning the introduction of scripting languages as glue in scientific pipelines variously mentioning Perl, Python and Tcl, and by and large it seems to have slowly accreted around Python.
> AFAIK, they trace their roots to numeric routines on Fortran punch cards.
Oh yes they can bind to much older libraries (e.g. BLAS), I was talking about the packages themselves. For instance Numpy is the unification of Numeric and Numarray, the former having gotten started circa 1995[0] on matrix-sig[1] and the latter originally indented to replace the former. So numpy itself has its roots in 1995.
