I would like to know this too. There is something similar for Python: http://omz-software.com/pythonista/. However, I'm not sure where Apple draws the line between "interpreted" and "compiled." It would be nice if Apple relaxed this restriction a bit because that would make the iPad Pro a lot more useful for developers.
There's an IL interpreter in the mix - it's simulating an app and what it would do based on the opcodes emitted by the compiler for the code you write.
This is indeed in line with existing scripting languages (Lua, Python, etc) which are in the App Store.
But the presentation of it might be too close for comfort for Apple. He's not presenting it as ".NET scripting" but specifically mentioned porting the .NET Roslyn compiler.
It all boils down to the same thing, but I wouldn't be surprised to see an App Store submission reviewer deny it, misunderstanding what's they've read/seen.
http://praeclarum.org/post/132881570743/live-coding-with-xam...
There is also a demo using F#:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bbSawlDetOU