As jacobolus said, you can format HFS+ as case-sensitive when you install OS X. I do this because I need to compile code that assumes a case-sensitive FS (for example, the Haiku OS).
Oh, that's interesting --it never occurred to me to do so (although I am sufficiently often bitten by the old `mv a A` pseudo-bug that I think I'll consider it). It's also an interesting reason to do so.
I understand why code might assume a case-sensitive FS, but am puzzled how it might make use of case-insensitivity. Do you know what happens with the Photoshop installer? Is it doing something silly like `touch a; cp A b`?
I read an account of how a guy managed to move his Photoshop installation from a case-insensitive FS to a case-sensitive one. It mostly involved just renaming files, so I don't see why Adobe can't spend a few moments fixing their files.