There is no alternative scientific explanation, there is a demonstrated proof that part of the synthetic theory of evolution is false.
Evolution is a fact, but random mutations cannot be the engine of evolution, they do not have this power of innovation.
Prof J. Tour (great biochemist) who devoted his life to build synthetic molecules, never ceased to explain this.
Mutations break the program (DNA) and cannot create new proteins, new mechanisms, and new coordinated organs, not to say new species.
Enginneers here should understand this as I do.
Many organisms have been observed to acquire various new functions which they did not have previously (Endler 1986). Bacteria have acquired resistance to viruses (Luria and Delbruck 1943) and to antibiotics (Lederberg and Lederberg 1952). Bacteria have also evolved the ability to synthesize new amino acids and DNA bases (Futuyma 1998, p. 274). Unicellular organisms have evolved the ability to use nylon and pentachlorophenol (which are both unnatural manmade chemicals) as their sole carbon sources (Okada et al. 1983; Orser and Lange 1994). The acquisition of this latter ability entailed the evolution of an entirely novel multienzyme metabolic pathway (Lee et al. 1998). Bacteria have evolved to grow at previously unviable temperatures (Bennett et al. 1992). In E. coli, we have seen the evolution (by artificial selection) of an entirely novel metabolic system including the ability to metabolize a new carbon source, the regulation of this ability by new regulatory genes, and the evolution of the ability to transport this new carbon source across the cell membrane (Hall 1982).
Such evolutionary acquisition of new function is also common in metazoans. We have observed insects become resistant to insecticides (Ffrench-Constant et al. 2000), animals and plants acquire disease resistance (Carpenter and O'Brien 1995; Richter and Ronald 2000), crustaceans evolve new defenses to predators (Hairston 1990), amphibians evolve tolerance to habitat acidification (Andren et al. 1989), and mammals acquire immunity to poisons (Bishop 1981). Recent beneficial mutations are also known in humans, such as the famous apolipoprotein AI Milano mutation that confers lowered risk to cardiovascular disease in its carriers.
These are not random mutations but adaptation features.
In the E. Coli LTEE (Long Time Experiment) still ongoing, 65 000 generations since 1988 have shown little adaptations (like epigenetics) but they are still E. Coli, not another bacteria, nor another species.
Prof J. Tour (great biochemist) who devoted his life to build synthetic molecules, never ceased to explain this. Mutations break the program (DNA) and cannot create new proteins, new mechanisms, and new coordinated organs, not to say new species. Enginneers here should understand this as I do.