I don't have a Windows machine or VM, but it looks like full-screen mode on Linux is the same as presentation mode on OS X: the UI is completely hidden unless you move the mouse to the top of the screen. In addition to presentation mode, Chrome for OS X has a separate full-screen mode that always shows the tabs and buttons.
In OS X, "Full screen" triggers the Lion native full screen mechanism. In this mode Chrome is full-screen but you still see the toolbar. "Presentation mode" is more like what "Full screen" did before Lion, or how full screen behaves on other OSes: no toolbar.
