Not specific for GPUs but I believe some of those giant and deeply discounted buys are at/below typical cost because of volume. They allow the vendor to increase their OEM/manufacturing commits, or shift bins theyre long on, to improve the rest of their sales pipeline. Similar for very large last orders or all the remaining stock of a SKU which improves cash flow and turns over inventory. Its a very very different vendor relationship with things like defect rates, yield, and “warranty” turned in to price factors.